Luteinizing hormone suppression

Model I has been applied to a wide variety of drug responses, such as the reduction of fever (8, 20) or pain (19) by anti-inflammatory drugs, anticoagulant action of warfarin (3,9), reduction in blood sorbitol levels by inhibitors of aldose reductase (21), cortisol suppressive effects of corticosteroids (22), luteinizing hormone suppression by the synthetic hormone cetrorelix (23), reduction in the levels of tumoral phospho-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) by cetuximab (24), inhibition of dihydrotestosterone (25), the suppression of T-lymphocyte influx into the blood by corticosteroids (26), and the acid-inhibitory effects of H2-receptor antagonists (27). 

Pechstein, B. et al.. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of testosterone and luteinizing hormone suppression by cetrorelix in healthy volunteers, J. Clin. Pharmacol., 40(3) 266-274, 2000. 

Plasma prolactin levels are reduced with acute treatment and remain suppressed after 28 days of chronic treatment (Murphy et al. 1998). With acute treatment, no effects are seen on plasma luteinizing hormone or testosterone levels. However, chronic dietary 5% ginseng increases testosterone levels in male rats (Fahim et al. 1982). Chronic ginsenosides do not alter posterior pituitary hormones oxytocin and vasopressin (Zierer 1991). Similarly, human males administered ginseng extract showed an increase in plasma testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone, but a decrease in prolactin (Salvati et al. 1996). 

Mendelson JH, Mello NK, Ellingboe J, Skupny AS, Lex BW, Griffin M. (1986). Marihuana smoking suppresses luteinizing hormone in women. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 237(3) 862-66. 

Mechanism of Action A testosterone derivative that suppresses the pituitary-ovarian axis by inhibiting the output of pituitary gonadotropins. Causes atrophy of both normal and ectopic endometrial tissue in endometriosis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are depressed in fibrocystic breast disease. Inhibits steroid synthesis and binding of steroids to their receptors in breast tissues. Increases serum levels of esterase inhibitor. Therapeutic Effect Produces anovulation and amenorrhea, reduces the production of est rogen, corrects biochemical deficiency as seen in hereditary angioedema. 

Mechanism of Action A hormone and antineoplastic agent that suppresses the release of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland by inhibiting pituitary function. Therapeutic Effect Shrinks tumors. Also increases appetite by an unknown mechanism. 

J. N. Simpkins, J. McCormack, K. S. Estes, M. E. Brewster, E. Sheck, N. Bodor (1986). Sustained brain-specific delivery of estradiol causes long-term suppression of luteinizing hormone secretion. J. Med. Chem. 29 1809-1812. 

Glucocorticoids given chronically suppress the pituitary release of ACTH, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. 

For in vitro fertilization the use of triptorelin 0.1 mg/ day, with early withdrawal, caused suppressed endogenous luteinizing hormone for 10-14 days after withdrawal (26). 

Secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and thyrotropin is suppressed by opioids, whereas the release of prolactin and, in some cases, growth hormone is enhanced (901). 

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