Lumbriculus variegatus

Anderson, B.S., D.P. Middaugh, J.W. Hunt, and S.L. Turpen. 1991. Copper toxicity to sperm, embryos and larvae of topsmelt Atherinops affinis with notes on induced spawning. Mar. Environ. Res. 31 17-35. Ankley, G.T., E.N. Leonard, and V.R. Mattson. 1994. Prediction of bioaccumulation of metals from contaminated sediments by the oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus. Water Res. 28 1071-1076. 

Schubauer-Berigan, M.K., J.R. Dierkes, P.D. Monson, and G.T. Ankley. 1993. pH-dependent toxicity of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, Hyalella azteca, and Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12 1261-1266. 

Hirsch, M. P. (1998). Bioaccumulation of silver from laboratory-spiked sediments in the oligochaete (Lumbriculus variegatus), Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 17, 605-609. 

Chapman, K.K., Benton, M.J., Brinkhurst, R.O. and Scheuerman, P.R. (1999) Use of the aquatic oligochaetes Lumbriculus variegatus and Tubifex tubifex for assessing the toxicity of copper and cadmium in a spiked-artificial-sediment toxicity test, Environmental Toxicology 14 (2), 271 -278. 

Maenpaa, K.A., Sormunen, A.J. and Kukkonen, J.V.K. (2003) Bioaccumulation and toxicity of sediment associated herbicides (ioxynil, pendimethalin, and bentazone) in Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta), Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 56 (3), 398-410. 

Standley, L.J. (1997) Effect of sedimentary organic matter composition on the partitioning and bioavailability of dieldrin to the Oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ. Sci. Technol., 31(9), 2577-2583. 

Schmitt, C., Oetken, M., Dittbemer, O., Wagner, M., Oehbnarm, J. Endocrine modulation and toxic effects of two commonly used UV screens on the aquatic invertebrates Potamopyrgus antipodarum and Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ. Pollut. 152, 322-329 (2008)... 

Leppanen, M, Kukkonen, J.W.K. (2004) Toxicokinetics of sediment-associated polybrominated diphenylethers (flame retardants) in benthic invertebrates (Lumbriculus variegatus, oligochaeta). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 23, 166-172. 

USEPA. 1993. Standard Operating Procedures for Culturing Hyalella azteca (ERL-D-SOP-CTI-016), Chironomus tentans (ERL-D-SOP-CTI-015), and Lumbriculus variegatus (ERL-D-SOP-CTI-017). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN. 

P.D. Monson, G.T. Ankley, P.A. Kosian (1995). Phototoxic response of Lumbriculus variegatus to sediment contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, short communication. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 14, 891-894. 

R.J. Erickson, G.T. Ankley, D.L. DeFoe, P.A. Kosian, E.A. Makynen (1999). Additive toxicity of binary mixtures of phototoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the oligocheate Lumbriculus variegatus. Toxicol. Appl Pharmacol, 154,97-105. 

The dynamics of transport from the aqueous phase into biota, into sediments, and into the atmosphere are cardinal determinants of the dissemination of xenobiotics after discharge. For the aquatic phase, the complexity of the situation that may prevail in natural ecosystems may be illustrated by two apparently conflicting results from laboratory experiments using the same compound. The results of experiments in which fathead minnows (Pime-phales promelas), the worm (Lumbriculus variegatus), and two amphipods were exposed to hexachlorobenzene in water and in spiked sediment suggested that the sediment was a more efficient sink than the biota (Schuytema et al. 

Phipps, G.L., G.T. Ankley, D.A. Benoit, and V.R. Mattson. 1993. Use of the aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus for assessing the toxicitiy and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12 269-279. 

Bailey H and Liu D, Lumbriculus variegatus, a benthic oligochaete, as a bioassay organism, in Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM STP 707, Eaton J, Parrish P, and Hendricks A, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1980,... 

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