Luders

Finally, mild steel can sometimes show an instability like that of polythene. If the steel is annealed, the stress/strain curve looks like that in Fig. 11.10. A stable neck, called a Luders Band, forms and propagates (as it did in polythene) without causing fracture because the strong work-hardening of the later part of the stress/strain curve prevents this. Luders Bands are a problem when sheet steel is pressed because they give lower precision and disfigure the pressing. 

Nonionic Surfactants Alkyl Polyglucosides, edited by Dieter Balzer and Ha raid Luders... 

Submitted by William F. Bailey, Matthew R. Luderer, Michael J. Mealy, and Eric R. Punzalan1. 

Lomans BP, R Maas, R Luderer, HJP op den Camp, A Pol, C van der Drift, GD Vogels (1999) Isolation and characterization of Methanomethylovorans hollandica gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from freshwater sediment, a methylotrophic methanogen able to grow with dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 3641-3650. 

Although acids and bases have been recognized since antiquity, our concepts of them are still the subject of debate and development (Walden, 1929 Hall, 1940 Bell, 1947, 1973 Luder, 1948 KolthofF, 1944 Bjerrum, 1951 Day Selbin, 1969 Jensen, 1978 Finston Rychtman, 1982). The history of these concepts is a long one and can be seen as a prolonged and continuous refinement of inexact and commonsense notions into precise scientific theories. It has been a long and difficult journey and one that is by no means ended. 

Although Lewis and Bronsted bases comprise the same species, the same is not true of their acids. Lewis acids include bare metal cations, while Bronsted-Lowry acids do not. Also, Bell (1973) and Day Selbin (1969) have pointed out that Bronsted or protonic acids fit awkwardly into the Lewis definition. Protonic acids cannot accept an electron pair as is required in the Lewis definition, and a typical Lewis protonic add appears to be an adduct between a base and the add (Luder, 1940 Kolthoff, 1944). Thus, a protonic acid can only be regarded as a Lewis add in the sense that its reaction with a base involves the transient formation of an unstable hydrogen bond adduct. For this reason, advocates of the Lewis theory have sometimes termed protonic adds secondary acids (Bell, 1973). This is an unfortunate term for the traditional adds. 

Luder, W. F. (1940). The electronic theory of acids and bases. Chemical Reviews, 27, 547-83. 

Luder, W. F. (1948). Contemporary acid-base theory. Journal of Chemical Education, 25, 555-8. 

Elder, S., Luder, G.M., Hollander, E.J. and Bartlett, N. (2001) Synthesis of Au(II) Eluoro Complexes and Their Structural and Magnetic Properties. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 123, 4223. 

Luderer F, Walschus U (2005) Immobilization of Oligonucleotides for Biochemical Sensing by Self-Assembled Monolayers Thiol-Organic Bonding on Gold and Silanization on Silica Surfaces. 260 37-56... 

Luder, W. F., and Zuffanti, S. (1946). The Electronic Theory of Acids and Bases. Wiley, New York. A small book that is a classic in Lewis acid-base chemistry. Also available as a reprint volume from Dover. 

Luder UH, Clayton MN (2004) Induction of phlorotannins in the brown macroalga Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) in response to simulated herbivory - the first microscopic study. Planta 218 928-937... 

Wiencke C, Clayton MN, Gomez I, Iken K, Luder UH, Amsler CD, Karsten U, Hanelt D, Bischof K, Dunton K (2007) Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 6 95-126... 

Roleda MY, Wiencke C, Luder UH (2006) Impact of ultraviolet radiation on cell structure, UV-absorbing compounds, photosynthesis, DNA damage, and germination in zoospores of Arctic Saccorhiza dermatodea. J Exp Bot 57 3847-3856... 

Bischof K, Gomez I, Molis M, Hanelt D, Karsten U, Luder U, Roleda MY, Zacher K, Wiencke C (2006a) Ultraviolet radiation shapes seaweed communities. Rev Environm Sci Biotech 5 141-166... 

Luders, j., Pyrowolakis, G., and Jentsch, S., The ubiquitin-like protein HUBl forms SDS-resistant complexes with cellular proteins in the absence of ATP, EMBO Rep., 2003, 4, 1169. 

Luderer MR, Bailey WF, Luderer MR, Fair ID, Dancer RJ, Sommer MB (2009) Tetrahedron Asymmetry 20 981... 

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