Lowest observed adverse effect concentrations

LOAEC Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Concentration... 

LOAEC/L Lowest-observed-adverse-effect concentration/level. The lowest level of exposure to a chemical in a test that causes statistically significant differences from the controls in a measured negative response. 

Figure 35-5 Effects of inorganic lead on children and adults (lowest observable adverse effect concentrations). (From Royce S , Need/eman Hi, Eds. Case studies in environmental medicine Lead toxicity.Washington DC US Public Health Service,ATSDR 1990.)...

Vieth R, Chan PCR, and MacFarlane GD (2001) Efficacy and safety of vitamin D3 input exceeding the lowest observed adverse effect concentration. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 73 288—294. 

The most frequently used reference guidelines for ambient particulate concentration are those of WHO, the EU, and the USEPA. These guidelines are based on clinical, toxicological, and epidemiologic evidence and were established by determining the concentrations with the lowest observed adverse effect (implicitly accepting the notion that a lower threshold exists under which no adverse human... 

Tables (3-1, 3-2, and 3-3) and figures (3-1 and 3-2) are used to summarize health effects and illustrate graphically levels of exposure associated with those effects. These levels cover health effects observed at increasing dose concentrations and durations, differences in response by species, minimal risk levels (MRLs) to humans for noncancer end points, and EPA s estimated range associated with an upper- bound individual lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 10,000,000. Use the LSE tables and figures for a quick review of the health effects and to locate data for a specific exposure scenario. The LSE tables and figures should always be used in conjunction with the text. All entries in these tables and figures represent studies that provide reliable, quantitative estimates of No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels (NOAELs), Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels (LOAELs), or Cancer Effect Levels (CELs).

Bd Wt = body weight Cardio = cardiovascular d = day(s) Endocr = endocrine F = female Gastro = gastrointestinal Hemato = hematological hr = hour(s) LC50 = lethal concentration, 50% kill LOAEL = lowest- observable-adverse-effect level M = male Musc/skel = musculoskeletal ... 

Gd gestational day (Gl) = gastric intubation (GO) = gavage in oil Hemato - hematological incr. = increased IPTPP = isopropyl triphenyl phosphate LD = lethal dose, 50% kill LOAEL = lowest-observed-adverse-effect level M = male MCV = mean corpuscular volume MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration mo = month(s) Musc/skel = musculoskeletal NOAEL = no-observed-adverse-effect level NS = not specified NTE = neurotoxic esterase RBC red blood cell Resp = respiratory TBEP = tributoxyethyl phosphate TBP = tributyl phosphate TMP = trimethyl phosphate TNBP = tri-n-butyl phosphate TOP = trioctyl phosphate wk = week(s) x = times yr = year(s). 

---