Longitudinal geometry

Figure 3 MOKE geometries for light incident at an angie a with respect to the sample normal h polar geometry (a), longitudinal geometry (b), and transverse geometry (c).

There is a larger MOKE response as the angle of incidence becomes more oblique for the longitudinal geometry up to a maximum at an angle of 60° to 80°, depending on the specific material. 

MO Kerr effects are used to observe the domain structure of opaque materials. If the magnetization vector is perpendicular to the sample plane, then the polar Kerr effect is utilized. If the magnetization lies in the sample plane, then structure images can be obtained either in the longitudinal geometry with polarizers or in the transverse geometry without polarizers. 

There is no MOKE response for normally incident p- or j-light in either the longitudinal or transverse geometries. 

The polymers studied and the experimental procedure were described in the last section. The samples were made of the same PC-TLCP composite and the pure TLCP Vectra A950, respectively. To study the influence of sample forms and geometries on mechanical constants, plate samples (80 x 80 x 2 mm-) were also injection molded with a film gate. Tensile samples were then cut from the plate in the longitudinal (//) and transverse... 

The tire constmction influences both cornering and longitudinal slip stiffness. These include the tire carcass, breaker construction, inflation pressure, and tread pattern design. However, since the two stiffness components can be measured, knowledge of the construction details is not necessary. The vehicle geometry influences the tire wear through the air resistance, which it creates, and through the load distribution between front and rear axles. 

The geometry and structure of a bone consist of a mineralised tissue populated with cells. This bone tissue has two distinct structural forms dense cortical and lattice-like cancellous bone, see Figure 7.2(a). Cortical bone is a nearly transversely isotropic material, made up of osteons, longitudinal cylinders of bone centred around blood vessels. Cancellous bone is an orthotropic material, with a porous architecture formed by individual struts or trabeculae. This high surface area structure represents only 20 per cent of the skeletal mass but has 50 per cent of the metabolic activity. The density of cancellous bone varies significantly, and its mechanical behaviour is influenced by density and architecture. The elastic modulus and strength of both tissue structures are functions of the apparent density. 

The [10°] off axis tension specimen shown in Fig 3.23 is another simple specimen similar in geometry to that of the [ 45 ]s tensile test. This test uses a unidirectional laminate with fibers oriented at 10° to the loading direction and the biaxial stress state (i.e. longitudinal, transverse and in-plane shear stresses on the 10° plane) occurs when it is subjected to a uniaxial tension. When this specimen fails under tension, the in-plane shear stress, which is almost uniform through the thickness, is near its critical value and gives the shear strength of the unidirectional fiber composites based on a procedure (Chamis and Sinclair, 1977) similar to the [ 45°]s tensile test. 

Figure 1 shows how we defined the geometry and reference frame for a conductor in space, where the inherent symmetry is assumed to be characterized by the cylindrical nature of the system. This also allowed us to simplify the problem to two coordinate directions. We assume the z-axis to be along the longitudinal direction of the system aligned with the magnet field (Bq), and to be the direction in which samples are inserted into the scanner. 

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