Long-circulating polymeric micelles

Kawano, K. Watanabe, M. Yamamoto, X Yokoyama, M. Opanasopit, R Okano, X Maitani, Y. Enhanced antitumor effect of camptothecin loaded in long-circulating polymeric micelles. J. Control. Release 2006, 112, 329-332. 

Yokoyama M, Okano T, Sakurai Y, Ekimoto H, Shibazaki C, Kataoka K (1991) Toxicity and antitumor activity against solid tumors of micelle-forming polymeric anticancer drug and its extremely long circulation in blood. Cancer Res 51 3229-3236... 

As described in Sec. 2, polymeric micelles that are formed through either hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction of PEG-based block copolymers or electrostatic interaction of PE G-polycation block copolymers with negatively charged macromolecules have attracted considerable attention in the field of drug delivery and gene delivery systems, owing to their excellent biocompatibility, long blood circulation time, and nontoxicity. In this section, the preparation and the characterization of end-functionalized polymeric micelles... 

As stated with regard to passive tumor targeting, polymeric micelles can circulate in the bloodstream for a long... 

As shown in Figure 14, the physically entrapped ADR circulated in the bloodstream for a long time-period (Fig. 14a) and was delivered to the solid tumor site at much higher concentrations than free ADR (Fig. 14b) (46). Furthermore, the observed time profile with a peak concentration at 24 h post-intravenous injection, as well as retention of this high concentration in longer time-periods post-injection, matched well to passive delivery by the EPR effect (31). On the other hand, accumulation of the physically entrapped ADR in the polymeric micelles at normal organs and tissues was the same or lower than free ADR. 

Z. Yang, S. Zheng, W. J. Harrison, J. Harder, X. Wen, J. G. Gelovani, A. Qiao, C. Li, Long-circulating near-infrared fluorescence core-cross-linked polymeric micelles synthesis, characterization, and dual nuclear/optical imaging. Biomacromolecules, 2007, 8, 3422-3428. 

M. Yokoyama, T. Okano, Y. Sakurai, H. Ekimoto, C. Shibazaki, K. Kataoka, Toxidty and antitumor activity against sohd tumors of micelle-faming polymeric anticancer drug and its extremely long circulation in blood, Canco" Res. 51 (1991) 3229-3236. 

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