Liver cell types

Steinberg P, Jennings GS, Schlemper B, Oesch F. 1996. Molecular mechanisms underlying the liver cell-type specific toxicity of Aflatoxin Bp In Control Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, ed. JG Hengstler, F Oesch, pp. 135M7. Mainz Druckerei Thieme... 

Table 8 Distribution of Acetylated LDL, Lactosylated LDL, and Lactosylated HDL over Liver Cell Types...

Oligonucleotides are only very poorly taken up into cells, and a variety of conjugates have been studied with the aim of improving cellular uptake. The cellular uptake of the ISIS ICAM-1-specific phosphorothioate ODN conjugated to cholesterol (ISIS-9388) has been studied in vivo for uptake into liver cells in rats." The presence of the 3 -cholesterol on the ODN resulted in a two-fold increase in accumulation of the ODN in various liver cell types, and the authors conclude that conjugation of ODNs with cholesterol is likely to be beneficial for antisense therapy of liver-associated diseases. ODNs which have 3 -linked cholesterol have been shown to interact with cell membranes in macrophages, and... 

Hubbard A L, Wilson G, Ashwell G, et al. (1979). An electron microscope autoradiographic study of the carbohydrate recognition systems in rat liver. Distribution of 1251-ligands among the liver cell types. J. Cell. Biol. 83 47-64. 

Type 1 Von Gierke s disease Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase Liver cells and renal tubule cells loaded with glycogen. Hypoglycemia, lactic-acidemia, ketosis, hyperlipemia. 

Over the past years it has become apparent that the cell type is an important determinant of the extent of oxidative stress that may occur. Both the latent activities of cytoprotective enzymes in specific cell types, as well as the ability of the cell to respond rapidly to an oxidative insult by the upregulation of such enzymes, will be important predeterminants of the fate of the cell. Table 10.1 shows the concentrations of both antioxidants and cytoprotective enzymes in a variety of tissues. While the liver is well provided with antioxidant protection, the brain has very low levels, so the ability to respond rapidly to an oxidative insult by upregulation of gene transcription and translation will be an important determinant of survival or death. Cells such as hepatocytes have high levels of expression and... 

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