Lithium-manganese dioxide batteries

Figure 29. Shapes and construction of lithium-manganese dioxide batteries.

Figure 30. The relationship of the seal type to the leak rate of helium for cylindrical lithium-manganese dioxide batteries.

Figure 31. The construction, shape and dimensions of the 2CR5 lithium-manganese dioxide battery for fully automatic cameras.

Figure 33 Load characteristics of the CR2032 lithium-manganese dioxide battery.

Figure 37. Practical test results of a 2CR5 lithium-manganese dioxide battery in a fully automatic camera at 23 °C.

Finally, Table 10 shows the specifications of secondary lithium-manganese dioxide batteries. Recently, the use of these batteries as sources for memory backup has expanded remarkably [47]. 

Secondary lithium-metal batteries which have a lithium-metal anode are attractive because their energy density is theoretically higher than that of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-molybdenum disulfide batteries were the world s first secondary cylindrical lithium—metal batteries. However, the batteries were recalled in 1989 because of an overheating defect. Lithium-manganese dioxide batteries are the only secondary cylindrical lithium—metal batteries which are manufactured at present. Lithium-vanadium oxide batteries are being researched and developed. Furthermore, electrolytes, electrolyte additives and lithium surface treatments are being studied to improve safety and recharge-ability. 

Merritt DR, Schmidt CL (1993) Impedance modeling of the lithium/manganese dioxide battery. In Siuampudi S, Koch VR (eds) Proceedings of the symposium on lithium batteies, vol 93-24. The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, pp 138-145... 

Lithium manganese dioxide batteries have become very prominent in recent years for military applications which are now widespread. Like sulfur dioxide batteries these are usually foimd in multicell packs often with dual voltage and cell sizes. The voltage of the system is similar to sulfur dioxide, so no major device changes are required. Typical batteries with their applications are given in Table 2 [1]. 

Table 8.2 Performance Capabilities of Lithium-Manganese-Dioxide Batteries with Various Construction Features and Design Configurations...

Lithium Manganese Dioxide Batteries. Rechargeable spirally wound cy-... 

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