Lithiated styrene oxide derivatives

Bis-oxazoline ligands can also be produced by oxidative coupling of the copper derivative of diastereoisomerically pure 306 (Scheme 145) . Further lithiations of the product 317, which was produced as single diastereoisomer, occur (as in Scheme 143) at the second site adjacent to the oxazoline, giving, for example, 318, despite the (presumably) less favourable stereochemistry of the lithiation step. Bisoxazolines 318 direct the asymmetric copper-catalysed cyclopropanation of styrene using diazoacetate. 

Akhtar et al. [902(a)] were one of the first to describe completely assembled, sealed, solid-state electrochromic devices based on CPs. In one set of devices, the fairly common Li-triflate/Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/acetonitrile formulation for nonaqueous solid electrolytes was used. However, in another set, the unique combination of poly(ethyleneimines) of different MWt and protonic acids such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic and poly(styrene sulfonic) was used. Additionally, the films of the CP, P(ANi), were prepared electrochemically as well as by sublimation, and in one set of devices Fe-tungstate was used as a counter electrode to provide a definitive counter electrode reaction (Lithiation). While cyclabilities to several thousand cycles were claimed, the electrochromic dynamic range and other parameters were fairly poor, as seen in Figs. 20-3. Very rapid switching times have been claimed for many P(ANi)- or P(ANi)-derivative based devices. For example. Ram et al. [902(b)] claimed a 143 ms switching time for liquid-electrolyte devices based on poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine). 

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