Liquid-solid partition

Prior to the development of modern SPE formats, liquid-solid partitioning with charcoal, silica, Florisil, and/or alumina was common to aid in the removal of lipids in the determination of nonpolar pesticides, but these sorbents are less useful in the cleanup of semi-polar and polar pesticides owing to the large elution volumes needed. Applications of modern SPE are discussed in Section 3.2. 

Voice, T.C., Weber Jr., W.J. (1985) Sorbent concentration effects in liquid/solid partitioning. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19(9), 789-796. 

Simple extraction (e.g., liquid-liquid or liquid-solid partition) Specific extraction (e.g., pH adjustment and/or ion-pair extraction) Solid-phase extraction... 

Voice, T. C., and W. J. Weber. 1985. Solids effect in liquid/solid partitioning. Environmental Science and Technology 19 789. 

The contaminant s aqueous solubility and density greatly influence its final disposition in water-solid systems. Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) are chemicals with densities greater than water and typically low aqueous solubilities. DNAPLs naturally partition away from the aqueous phase and towards the solid phase, often pooling on top of an impermeable solid layer. On the other hand, light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) possess densities less than water and have a tendency to pool on the water s surface where they may be prone to volatilization and photolysis reactions. Various liquid-solid partition coefficients have been... 

Adsorption chromatography is based on liquid-solid partition, i.e., a partition of solute molecules between the liquid mobile phase and active sites on the surface of the solid stationary phase. 

The above assay also allowed quantification of the level of enantioselectivity introduced into the polymer system. A separation factor can be calculated from the ratio of the liquid/solid partition coefficients (ag=([bound L-PAA]/[free L-PAA])/([bound D-PAA]/[free d-PAA]), which is analogous to the separation factor used in chromatography [25]. An value of 1 represents no enantioselectivity,... 

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