Liquid-cyclone-processed

Glanded cottonseed has been used to produce a defatted cottonseed flour with reduced gossypol content by a procedure known as the liquid cyclone process (LCP). LCP cottonseed flour has been used in the preparation of many foods that have been tested in several animal and human nutrition studies. The commercial production of LCP cottonseed flour has not been successful (5). 

Figure 12. E ect of succinylation on the foam and protein solubility properties of liquid cyclone processed cottonseed flour in suspensions at various pH values...

These data demonstrate that changes in foam properties of liquid cyclone processed cottonseed flour are inducible by treatment with succinic anhydride. Gel electrophoretic and solubility data show that there are alterations in the physical and chemical properties of proteins, and in certain cases these changes improve foam properties, that is, improve solubility and polypeptide dissociation of proteins at the interface of the foaming solution. Similar results have been reported for succinylated soybean and sunflower seed proteins (44. 46). 

The next step in the process is removal of remaining soluble and insoluble protein. Starch slurry discharging from the primary centrifugal separator must be diluted with process water to a slurry density of 10-12° Baume (18-21% dry solids). The starch may then be further purified in a second centrifugal separator to a final insoluble protein level of <0.38% dry basis (preferably 0.27-0.32% dry basis). However, since solubles content of the slurry must next be reduced by filtration of centrifugal decantation, the second step currently preferred is to utilize 8 to 14 stages of liquid cyclones which simultaneously remove residual gluten and wash the starch.207-209... 

The palm oil exiting the low-pressure screw press has approximately 66% oil, 24% moisture, and 10% solids (18). The solid particles are typically separated from the oil using the traditional method of pumping the oil into a tank with approximately 2 hours of residence time to allow the heavier solid particles to settle and be continuously dredged from the base of the tank. After gravity separation, the oil is then pumped through a liquid cyclone to remove residual solids. Solid particles separated from the clean oil stream are saturated with oil and recycled back into the process. After the palm oil is cleaned of solid particles, it is heated and pumped through a vacuum oil-dryer to remove moisture. 

The process engineer is often required to design separators or knockout drums for removing liquids from process gas streams. This chapter reviews the design of horizontal and vertical separators and the sizing of partly filled horizontal and cylindrical vessels. The chapter concludes by reviewing the sizing of a cyclone and a solid-desiccant gas dryer. 

Another explanation is that the end of the vortex attaches to the side wall (i.e. the vortex core bends), and turns around or processes around the wall at a high rate see Fig. 9.2.1. Such a phenomenon, known as vortex precession can be observed, perhaps most easily, in liquid cyclones, where the core can be visualized with air bubbles see Fig. 9.2.2. 

Erosive wear is a three-bodied wear, which is found in pump and cyclone linings, impellers, and screens. The polyurethane is attacked by a solid object that is being transported by a third medium such as process water. The temperature and chemical composition of the process liquid also play an important part in the life of the component. 

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