Liquid cadmium

Somewhat better results have been obtained with octoates and benzoates but these still lead to some plate-out. The use of liquid cadmium-barium phenates has today largely resolved the problem of plate-out whilst the addition of a trace of a zinc salt helps to improve the colour. Greater clarity may often be obtained by the addition of a trace of stearic acid or stearyl alcohol. Thus a modem so-called cadmium-barium stabilising system may contain a large number of components. A typical packaged stabiliser could have the following composition ... 

Some liquid metals have been observed to cause embrittlement in many titanium alloys. In mercury, for example, Ti-8Al-lMo-lV exhibits both intergranular and transgranular fracture with velocities as high as lOcm/s. Heat treatment affects this behaviour in a manner similar to that observed in aqueous and methanolic solutions. Some alloys are embrittled by liquid cadmium and zinc. More surprising, perhaps, is the observed solid metal embrittlement which has been found on titanium alloy components coated with cadmium, silver or zinc Service failures of cadmium-plated Ti-6A1-4V fasteners have been reported , and cracking of this alloy and... 

Uozumi, lizuka, and coauthors have published several studies on the electrochemical behavior of Pu at liquid cadmium cathodes in LiCl—KCl eutectic melts [128-130]. In one account [130] the authors studied the reduction of Pu " " to Pu° at the LiCl— KCl melt and liquid Cd interface and compared the results to those obtained at a solid Mo cathode surface. The electrode reaction at liquid Cd was found to be close to fully reversible with rapid. 

Preparation of Plastisol. In all cases the plastisols were prepared on a Wink-worth-Z blade mixer and degassed before use at less than 0.1 mm. of Hg. The same order of mixing and similar mixing and degassing times were employed. A liquid cadmium-barium stabilizer was used. 

Figure 15 illustrates the effect of a 45-minute dwell time on two plastisols containing 75 p.h.r. of DOP with different stabilizer systems. The upper example is a liquid cadmium-barium system and the lower a thiotin-dibutyltin maleate system. The organotin system is obviously the more effective. The leading yellow zone, which is followed by a dark zone, may indicate two different breakdown mechanisms. 

The activity of zinc in liquid cadmium-zinc alloys at 708K is related to the alloy composition by the following equation ... 

RELATIVE TO PURE LIQUID AT 639 C) pURE LIQUID CADMIUM AT 639°C)... 

A generalized free energy of 998 42 cal. is calculated for the observed reactions involving a mole of any CeCd4i5000 structure with 1.5000 moles of liquid cadmium to give CeCd6i000. Specific free energies may be calculated from the... 

The electrodeposition of cadmium, Cd, is possible in the basic and neutral EMICI-AICI3 ionic liquids [56, 58]. In the basic ionic liquid, cadmium dichloride, CdCl2, dissolves and forms a divalent cadmium chlorocomplex anion, CdCl [69], which is reducible to metallic Cd at around — 1.2 V. In the case of a neutral buffered ionic liquid, the electrodeposition of Cd is observed at around —1.0 V, which is slightly positive than in the basic ionic liquid probably caused by the formation of more reducible species, CdCl3. ... 

Figure 17 - Comparison of the Calculated and Experimentally Determined Liquid Cadmium Content...

When the actinide products are removed from electrorefiners, the electrorefiner salts cover the metal. The cathodes are processed to distill adhering salt and to consolidate the actinide metals. These salts are recycled to the electrorefiner for further use (Westphal and Mariani, 2000 Westphal et al., 2002). In the case of the liquid cadmium cathode, the cadmium is... 

Liquid Cadmium and Mercury, and Solid Silver (>230°C) liquid or solid metal embrittlement all Requires direct, intimate contact with ftesh unfilmed metal under high stress. 

An electrolytic cell has pure liquid cadmium as one electrode and a liquid cadmium-lead alloy as the other, and the electrolyte consists of a fused salt mixture containing cadmium ions (Cd ). When the atom fraction of cadmium in the alloy electrode is 0.4, the reversible e.m.f. of the cell is found to be 14.35 x 10 V at 500°C (773 K). 

The salt purification process is illustrated in Fig. XXIV-9. A fraction of the molten salt is removed from the electrolysis cell and is placed in contact with lithium-rich liquid cadmium. By the exchange reaction between Li and salt-borne TRU and the fission products, the less stable species in the molten salt are transferred to the liquid Cd. Generally, U and TRU are less stable than the rare earth metals and are first transferred to the liquid Cd. The Li concentration in the liquid Cd must be increased to decrease the contamination of the molten salt by TRU. Then, concentration of the fission products is also increased in the liquid Cd. After a forward reductive extraction process, the decontaminated salt with the salt-borne fission products passes through zeolite beds that replace nearly all of the alkali, alkaline earth, and rare earth metals with K and Li by ion exchange. The residual actinides in the molten salt are also adsorbed in the zeolite. The molten salt leaving the zeolite is free of actinides and fission product ions. The purified salt is mixed with an oxidizer such as CdCb and is contacted with liquid Cd that contains U and TRU by the forward reductive extraction process. CdCb will contain U and TRU to be oxidized. U and TRU are transferred to the molten salt from the liquid Cd. The molten salt with U and TRU is recycled to the electrolysis cell. The liquid metal is also recycled to the forward reductive extraction process. 

Ackerman, J.P. and Settle, L.L. (1993) Distribution of plutonium, americium, and several rare earth fission product elements between liquid cadmium and LiCl-KCl eutectic. J. Alloys Compd, 199, 77. 

Koyama, T., Kinoshita, K., Inoue, T. et ai. (2008) Equilibrium distribution of actinides including Cm between molten LiCl-KCl eutectic and liquid cadmium. Radiochim. Acta, 96, 311. 

Hesson, J.C. and Burris, L. (1963) Uranium diffusivity in liquid cadmium. Trans. Metal. Soc. AIME, 227, 571. 

There was an element of danger to the experiment. Since scientists had never before attempted to control a chain reaction, it was possible the reactions would be sparked beyond their means to control them. Given the volatility of the uranium, an explosion was certainly possible. To guard against an out-of-control reaction, three scientists held pails of liquid cadmium that they were instmcted to pour on the pile should the reactions rage out of control. 

CADDY Liquid Cadmium Turf Fungicide is a water soluble liquid formulation used to control Dollar Spot and Copper Spot in golf course greens, tees, aprons, fairways and other quality turf applications. When used as directed CADDY will not injure turf-grass. The use of CADDY is prohibited in the States of Wisconsin and California. 

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