Lipstick example, mixtures

In addition to low-cloud point nonionics, the patent literature describes the use of some additional surfactants in ADDs. The use of a mixture of high- and low-cloud point surfactants is reported to provide benefit in terms of greasy soil cleaning. Low-cloud point nonionics are also used in combination with charged surfactants (anionic, zwitterionic) for removal of greasy soil such as lipstick. Examples include amine oxide, alkyl carboxy ethoxylate, or sulfobetaine. For automatic dishwashing tablets, the use of disulfonated anionics such as Dowfax 3B-2 or 2A-1 manufactured by Dow Chemicals has been reported to decrease the solubility rate and the friability percentage loss. ... 

Facial cosmetics are used to color lips, lashes, cheeks, and eyebrows. Most facial cosmetics consist of waxes, oils, pigments, dyes, and perfumes. Lipstick, for example, is composed of pigments and dyes suspended in a mixture of waxes and oils. The pigment, usually titanium dioxide, gives brightness and cover. The dye, usually a bromoacid dye such as tetrabromofluorescein (Figure 15-14), provides color. The oils and waxes provide a base to contain the pigment and dye and also help keep lips soft and moist. This is an important function of lipstick because lips excrete less sebum than skin and consequently tend to diy out more easily. 

It is difficult to analyze for the chromophores in waxy substances such as lipsticks and shoe polishes and the fluorescence background makes other analytical techniques, including Raman spectra with visible excitation, very difficult to obtain. Further, separation of the mixture of dyes and pigments used from the waxy substances such as bees wax is extremely tedious and difficult. Surfaces in which the forensic scientist may wish to observe lipstick or boot polish stains vary very widely. As examples, lipsticks [10] and shoe... 

The Food and Drugs Act, which includes the Cosmetic Regulations, defines a cosmetic as any substance or mixture of substauces manufactured, sold or represented for use in cleansing, improving or altering the complexion, skin, hair or teeth, and include deodorants and perfumes . Cosmetics therefore include, for example, lipsticks, mascara, eye shadows, nail polish, shampoos, non-fluoride toothpaste, conditioners, soaps, moisturizers, cleansers, hair dyes, hair permanents and depilatories. 

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