Lipids biological implications

The basic mechanisms of lipid peroxidation are well understood and described in the literature in many excellent reviews (e.g. Girotti, 1985 Gardner, 1989 Buettner, 1993). Here, apart from essential background information, we will restrict our discussion in this short overview to recent advances in our understanding of lipid peroxidation, emphasizing those aspects relevant to coronary heart disease. Some of the biological implications of these reactions will be discussed by others in this volume. 

Mariani, R, Luzzati, V., and Delacroix, H. (1988). Cubic phases of lipid-containing systems structure analysis and biological implications. J. Mol. Biol, 204, 165-89. Marks-Tarlow, T., Robertson, R., and Combs, A. (2001). Varela and the Uroborus the psychological significance of reentry. Cybernetics Human Knowing, 9, 31. 

Sergent, O., Morel, I., Cillard, J. (1999). Involvement of metal ions in lipid peroxidation biological implications. In Sigel, A., Sigel, H. (Eds). Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Vol. 36 Interrelation between Free Radicals and Metal Ions in Life Processes, Boca Raton, FL CRC Press, pp. 251-287. 

Biological Implications of Structural and Electrical Properties of Lipids. It is rather obvious that the structure of lipids is very important in connection with the function of living cells since most physiological processes occur in lipid environment. There is, for example, evidence that lipid-protein complexes are necessary for the proper functioning of mitochondria (56). Although lipids are most important in providing a suitable material for functional complexes (ionic channels, electron transport systems, receptor units, etc.), their own physical properties are certainly... 

Luzzati, V., Gulik, A., Gulik-Krzywicki, T., Tardieu, A. Lipid polymorphism revisited Structural aspects and biological implications. Lipids and Membranes Past, Present, and Future. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1986), pp. 137-151. 

Yappert MC, Borchman D. Sphingolipids in human lens membranes an update on their composition and possible biological implications. Chem. Phys. Lipids 2004 129 1-20. 

Kuhn H, Walther M, Kuban RJ. Mammalian arachidonate 15-lipoxygenases structure, function, and biological implications. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 68-69 (2002) 263-290. 

Mariani, P., Luzzati, V. Delacroix, H. (1988). Cubic phases of lipid-containing systems Structure analysis and biological implications. 

High demand for pectin, and its continued growth, has led to the exploration of different sources and extraction methods to reduce time and costs, or pollutants to implement green chemistry techniques, to compare the novel pectins to commercial ones, and determine its industrial application. Not only the technological application of this polysaccharide is important, but these studies may also help to understand the interaction with other molecules, such as proteins, lipids and polyphenols and biological implication of these. 

XOR is a cytoplasmic enzyme and a ready source of electrons for transfer to molecular oxygen to form reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and peroxide. It is therefore thought to be involved in free radical-generated tissue injury and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion damage. Moreover, it has recently been implicated in the production of peroxynitrite (89), and carbonate radical anion (92), both potent biological oxidants. Its exact role in lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and infection needs... 

Some workers have suggested that the lauryl chain is of intrinsic biological importance in relation to its ability to disrupt lipid bilayers, having the optimal physical properties of lipophilicity and size, but as C12 compounds are also maximally irritant to the skin (28) where simple lipoidal barrier membranes are probably not involved, other factors are no doubt implicated. Dominguez al. (29) have considered Schott s (26) approach to the biological uniqueness of the dodecyl chain, but have postulated that its properties of skin penetration are related to the conformation of the chain, especially when adsorbed to or interacting with protein. Dominguez e postulate that... 

---