Lipid yield from glucose

Table VII. LIPID YIELD FROM GLUCOSE AS CARBON SKELETON AND ENERGY SOURCE...

As a comparison, note that 32 moles of ATP can be obtained from the complete oxidation of one mole of glucose but glucose contains 6, rather than 18, carbon atoms. Three glucose molecules contain 18 carbon atoms, and a more interesting comparison is the ATP yield from the oxidation of three glucose molecules, which is 3 X 32 = 96 ATP for the same number of carbon atoms. The yield of ATP from the oxidation of the lipid is still higher than that from the carbohydrate, even for the same number of carbon atoms. The reason is that a fatty acid is all hydrocarbon except for the carboxyl group that is, it exists in a... 

Riboflavin is produced by Clostridium, Ascomycetes and Candida species. The yield can be as high as 5 g 1 1 after 7 days 60). Gibberella fujikuroi is utilized for the synthesis of gibberellins, a group of plant hormones used for plant growth promotion. Glucose, molasses, lipid (corn oil) are usually used as carbon sources. Vitamin B12 may also be synthesized from alcohols and hydrocarbons. 

In addition to being incorporated into tissue proteins, amino acids, after losing their nitrogen atoms by deamination and/or transamination, may be catabolized to yield energy or to form glucose. Conversely, the nonessential amino acids may be synthesized from carbohydrate metabolism intermediates and ammonia or from essential amino acids. This section is devoted to the mechanisms of such metabolic processes and their interrelationships with carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways. 

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