Lipid convergent synthesis

Most cationic lipids described in the literature are synthesised by solution synthesis [36-39]. Depending upon the complexity of the structure, the synthetic routes vary from just one or two chemical steps, as in the case of DOTMA (1) and DC-Choi (3), to longer convergent synthesis, as for DOGS (5) (these three compounds being the earliest examples of cationic lipids prepared for transfection purposes [41, 68, 69]) (see Fig. 2). 

Fig. 11 (a) Convergent strategy for the synthesis ofpolyamine lipids [63, 154, 155], (b) Solid-phase synthesis of quaternary ammonium double-tailed lipids [157]... 

Type IV system. Protein synthesis inside lipid vesicles. The field of protein expression inside compartments is certainly the most advanced one in context of compartmentalized reactions. To date, in fact, it represents the state of the art in the construction of synthetic cells (more properly, semi-synthetic cells). This interest is due to the above mentioned convergence of some aspects of synthetic biology and experimental studies on the origins of Ufe. A comprehensive review of studies on semi-synthetic cells has been recently published by us, and other reviews have discussed this subject " here we will comment on a couple of relevant examples and highhghting some trends and future perspectives. The complete Ust of pubUshed works can be found in Table 17.1. 

The total synthesis of 15-F2-isoprostanyl phosphatidylethanolamine (43) and ent-15-e/w-F2-isoprostanyl phosphatidylcholine (44) was accomplished via a convergent strategy by an esterification of a protected isoprostane and a phosphatidyl lipid fragment. ... 

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