Wear rates linear

CNT weight fraction (%) Average wear rate (mm/ million cycles) % decrease of linear wear rate compared to HDPE... 

A linear wear rate ]B crack-growth constant F frictional force per width K coefficient... 

The absolute amoimt of wear observed in a group of patients is going to depend on the time interval between radiographic examinations. Consequently, clinical researchers starting with Charnley have been interested in the linear wear rate (LWR), or the change in apparent femoral head penetration (P) over time (f) ... 

Linear wear rate (mm/year) based on radiographs for Charnley components implanted between 1962 and 1968... 

Linear Wear Rate (mm/year) Based on Radiographs for the Modular Harris-Gallante I Acetabular Component as a Function of Implantation Time... 

Chamley also suggested that the volumetric wear rate, as opposed to the linear wear rate, may also be a clinically relevant metric for wear because the biological stimulus may be related to the volume of wear debris [29]. If the femoral head penetrates the cup following a linear trajectory (an assumption that was verified by Chamley s clinical experience with PTFE), the wear volume will be approximated as a cylinder having the projected circular area (A) of the femoral head and a height equal to the depth of peu-etration. Under this assumption, the volumetric wear rate (VWR) can be calculated as follows ... 

Bearing Couples Volumetric wear rate (mn eor) Linear wear rate (tan/year)... 

The amount of fretting damage increases in an approximately linear manner with these variables, once the Initial stages of fretting are completed. A number of deviations from linearity have been reported, especially with respect to load, where it is often found that there is a tendency for the relationship to become parabolic in form. The superposition of a normal vibratory component of load can cause a very considerable increase in the wear rate ... 

Conditioner aggressiveness The pad wear rate during conditioning indicates the abrasiveness, or aggressiveness, of a pad conditioner. The wear increases linearly with time at a constant wear (cut) rate. 

For engines using modern diesel fuels, with relatively low levels of sulphur, corrosive cylinder linear wear is not a problem, provided that adequate overbased detergents are present in the lubricant to neutralise the sulphur acids produced by combustion. The rate of formation of reacted films usually follows the Arrhenius Law, as in Equation (3.3) ... 

In the steady state the role of corrosive wear is usually determined by the state of film build-up. Therefore, wear rates increase linearly with concentration and exponentially with temperature. Corrosion can be limited by ... 

Burwell and Strang [2] observed the following relations between wear rate and loading pressure. Below a critical pressure which depended on the hardness of the rubbing specimen, the depth-rate of wear for conically-ended pins was a linear function of the pressure,... 

Load is one of the basic physical quantities governing wear in engineering practice and thus, explicitly or implicitly, it is a parameter in any wear model. For instance, Eqns 13-30 and 13-37 are explicitly linear with respect to load and therefore plots of volumetric wear rate against load in log-log coordinates should have a slope of unity. Ar-... 

MPa cannot by itself be regarded as empirical justification for assuming that this is the critical contact pressure for the existence of a full fluid film of lubricant completely separating the two rubbing surfaces. The extrapolation to zero wear rate is not necessarily linear. However, it is reasonable to assume that the total load on the nominal area of the conjunction can be resolved into the load carried by the con-... 

The second set of experiments was also characterized by a period of no wear with low friction followed by wear track Initiation and an Increase In the friction. In these experiments the tests were continued and measurements of the wear track were made every 2000 cycles up to 16 kc of disk rotation. After the first 2000 to 4000 cycles the wear rate was constant and the wear rates were calculated using a linear regression on the wear vs. number of cycles data. 

The wear rates for the slloxane modified epoxies are given In Table III as a function of the normal load. Also contained In Table III is the value of b as obtained by linear regression of the equation... 

It should be noted that transformed data were not linear for the epoxy without the modifier (0 PSX, 0 TFP) and for the 10 PSX, 0 TFP composition. For these, the rate of increase of the wear rate with... 

In a study published in 1975, Chamley and Halley (1978) calculated the wear rate for the 72 patients with 9 to 10 years of follow-up by analyzing the serial radiographs. Chamley and Halley found that after an initial bedding-in period during the first several years, the rate of wear progressed linearly with time, as shown in Figure 5.7. 

The data indicates that the distribution of wear rates is more skewed by low-wearing patients in Griffith s study (1978) than in Chamley s study (1973). The distribution of linear wear data for the two studies, in terms of percentiles, is shown in Table 5.1. 

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