Line separators

Schmidt number = p D flow-line separation number = D j inertial separation number = U /U /... 

FIG. 14-109 Typical separators using impingement in addition to centrifugal force, a) Hi-eF purifier. (V D, Anderson Co.) (h) Flick separator. (Wutster line separator. (Centrifix Co7j>., Bull. 220.)... 

N.f Flow-line separation number Dimensionless Dimensionless ... 

Fig. 2. Electrical resistance as a function of the temperature at the indicated magnetic fields for a bundle of CNTs. The dashed lines separate three temperature ranges, while the continuous curve is a fit using the two-band model for graphite (see inset) with an overlap of 3.7 meV and a Fermi levei right in the middie of the overlap [9].

Fig. 3. Electrical conductance of an MWCNT as a function of temperature at the indicated magnetic fields. The solid line is a fit to the data (see ref. 10). The dashed line separates the contributions to the magnetoconductance of the Landau levels and the weak localisation [10].

The simplest place to start is with a hydrogen atom. The experimental ESR spectrum shows two lines separated by 1420.4 MHz (often reported as a magnetic induction, since transitions occur at the resonance condition hv = In... 

Periodic table. The group numbers stand above the columns. The numbers at the left of the rows are the period numbers. The black line separates the metals from the nonmetals. [Note A complete periodic table is given inside the front cover.)... 

The cell notation is Zn Zn2+1 Co3+, Co2+ Pt Note that a comma separates the half-cell components that are in the same phase. The symbol Pt is used to indicate the presence of an inert platinum electrode. A single vertical line separates Pt (a solid) from the components of the half-cell, which are in the liquid phase. 

The lines separating the regions in a phase diagram are called phase boundaries. At any point on a boundary between two regions, the two neighboring phases coexist in dynamic equilibrium. If one of the phases is a vapor, the pressure corresponding to this equilibrium is just the vapor pressure of the substance. Therefore, the liquid-vapor phase boundary shows how the vapor pressure of the liquid varies with temperature. For example, the point at 80.°C and 0.47 atm in the phase diagram for water lies on the phase boundary between liquid and vapor (Fig. 8.10), and so we know that the vapor pressure of water at 80.°C is 0.47 atm. Similarly, the solid-vapor phase boundary shows how the vapor pressure of the solid varies with temperature (see Fig. 8.6). 

Fig. 11-6 Concentrations of gases in the smoke from an experimental fire of Trachypogon grass from Venezuela as a function of time and the stack gas temperature. The dotted line separates the flaming phase from the smoldering phase. Concentrations are in percent by volume for CO2, in volume mixing ratios (ppm) for the other species (1% = 10000 ppm). (Used with permission from Crutzen and Andreae (1990). Science 250 1669-1678, AAAS.)...

FIGURE 6.32 Configurationally different spiro tetramers 44a and 44b formed by spiro tetramerization of l,3-bis(5-tocopheryl)propane (43) in a 15 1 ratio in agreement with theory. Reduction of each of the tetramers provides c s-l,2-c s-4,5-tetrakis(5-tocopheryl)cyclohexane (45). The dashed lines separate the two former units of 43, indicating where bond formation during the spiro oligomerization process occurred. 

Stations should be separated physically to prevent cross-contamination and should be arranged in order of decreasing contamination, preferably in a straight line. Separate flow patterns and stations should be provided to isolate workers from different contamination zones containing incompatible wastes. Entry and exit points should be conspicuously marked, and the entry to the CRZ from the exclusion zone should be separate from the entry to the exclusion zone from the CRZ. Dressing stations for entry to the CRZ should be separate from redressing areas for exit from the CRZ. Personnel who wish to enter clean areas of the decontamination facility, such as locker rooms, should be completely decontaminated. 

We can issue multiple commands on the same line separated by commas. What makes MATLAB easy to learn is that we can add goodies one after another. We do not have to worry about complex command syntax. We can also do logarithmic plots. Try enter "help semilogx, semilogy, or loglog." We ll skip them because they are not crucial for our immediate needs. 

HPLC-NMR analysis in a closed-circuit reveals the stereochemical information for elucidating the structures of unknown compounds (Albert 2002). In contrast to the technique of off-line separation, sample collection, and peak identification closed-circuit analysis guarantees the absence of isomerization and degradation. Very often only small amounts of sample are available after extraction. 

Ultraviolet resonance Raman Wide-line separation Wild type... 

In the solid, dynamics occurring within the kHz frequency scale can be examined by line-shape analysis of 2H or 13C (or 15N) NMR spectra by respective quadrupolar and CSA interactions, isotropic peaks16,59-62 or dipolar couplings based on dipolar chemical shift correlation experiments.63-65 In the former, tyrosine or phenylalanine dynamics of Leu-enkephalin are examined at frequencies of 103-104 Hz by 2H NMR of deuterated samples and at 1.3 x 102 Hz by 13C CPMAS, respectively.60-62 In the latter, dipolar interactions between the 1H-1H and 1H-13C (or 3H-15N) pairs are determined by a 2D-MAS SLF technique such as wide-line separation (WISE)63 and dipolar chemical shift separation (DIP-SHIFT)64,65 or Lee-Goldburg CP (LGCP) NMR,66 respectively. In the WISE experiment, the XH wide-line spectrum of the blend polymers consists of a rather featureless superposition of components with different dipolar widths which can be separated in the second frequency dimension and related to structural units according to their 13C chemical shifts.63... 

Fig. 56 Phase diagram of blend of PS-fi-PI with PS. T0dt. o TDMt, Toot- Vertical lines separating microdomain structures are obtained from total volume fraction PS in system. Dashed line results of mean-field calculation for ODT. The OOT line which exists at volume fractions ps 5 ub was obtained during a heating process. From [174]. Copyright 2000 American Chemical Society...

For the hydrogen atom, two such resonance conditions occur, giving rise to two lines separated by 506 G, which is just the value of a for the hydrogen atom [Eq. (ID)]. The spectrum would look the same for a single crystal or for a polycrystalline sample because the g factor and the hyperfine constant are isotropic. 

---