Light scattering and reflection

Beside the very frequently used methods of dynamic surface and interfacial tension measurements, adsorption kinetics processes at liquid interfaces can also be studied by other methods, such as dynamic surface potentials, ellipsometry and other light scattering and reflection methods, X-ray techniques, neutron scattering, radiotracer techniques. These methods yield more or less relative information on the change of adsorption with time at different time resolutions. 

Pholoacouslic spectroscopy (PAS) provides a way to obtain ultraviolet, visible, and IR absorption. spectra of solids, semisolids, or turbid liquids. Acquisition of spectra for these materials by ordinary methods is usually difficult at best and often impossible because of light scattering and reflection. 

In the case of semicrystalline polyolefin blown films, haze is affected by light scattering and reflection/refraction due to both bulk and surface roughness effects. References... 

Opacifiers are fine inorganic powders, usually white, that are used to reduce the transparency of ceramic gla2es and porcelain enamels. The coating becomes opaque because the particles of the opacifter scatter and reflect the incident light. When inorganic pigments are combined with white opacifiers, pastel colors are obtained. 

Another distinctive characteristic of the PLZT materials is their fully dense, pore-free microstructure which is devoid of any second phases. This is reflected in measured bulk densities which routinely exceed 99.9% of theoretical density. The existence of pores or second phases in the volume of the grains or in the grain boundaries is undesirable since both act to increase light scattering and reduce optical transparency. 

One can thus estimate the total light intensity incident on a given volume of air in the troposphere due to direct solar radiation, scattering, and reflection. The light absorbed in that volume can then be calculated... 

The light available to a molecule in air for absorption and photodissociation includes both direct and scattered and reflected radiation coming from all directions as described earlier and depicted in Fig. 3.16. The term actinic flux or spherically integrated actinic flux, denoted by F( A), is used to describe the total intensity of this light and is the quantity of interest in calculating kp. 

Figure 3.24 Absorption, scattering and reflection of light as it passes through matter. Iq is the incident beam intensity, It the transmitted beam intensity, Ir and If are the intensities of light reflected at the optical interfaces and Is is the total intensity of scattered light...

The visual appearance of an emulsion reflects the influence of droplet size on light scattering, and varies from milky-white-opaque,... 

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