Lifting beams

Incorporate lifting beams around the perimeter of the liner roof soffit. 

Where production items are regularly lifted, lifting and spreader beams can be used, specially designed for the purpose. Standard lifting beams (Fig. 20.17a) or spreader beams (Fig. 20.17b) are used to give a vertical lift where the lifting points are too far apart to use slings. 

Where repeated lifts of a particular load are made, special lifting beams and equipment such as spreader beams (Figure 27.14) may be used. 

Figure 9.18 provides an overview of the application envelope and the respective advantages and disadvantages of the various artificial lift techniques. As can be seen, only a few methods are suited for high rate environments gas lift, ESP s, and hydraulic systems. Beam pumps are generally unsuited to offshore applications because of the bulk of the required surface equipment. Whereas the vast majority of the world s artificially lifted strings are beam pumped, the majority of these are stripper wells producing less than 10 bpd. 

In pusher furnaces, the product (work load) is pushed through the furnace in steps by a hydrauhc or electromechanical mechanism that pushes each load into the furnace, thus pushing all work in the furnace ahead one work space. The walking-beam furnace lifts the work load on a walking beam, advances the load a step, and returns the work to the hearth. The walking beam then returns to its original position (under the hearth) in preparation for the next step. 

Hebei, m. lever, -kraft, /. leverage, -schalter, m. (Elec.) lever switch. -wa(a)ge, /. lever scale, beam scale, -werk, n. system o( levers, -wirkung, /. lever action, leverage, keben, v.t. lift, raise, elevate further remove ... 

In addition to pressure maintenance in a resei voir, there are other ways to maintain or improve well productivity as the formation pressure falls. A pump can be used to raise the oil, a process called artificial lift. One type is the familiar beam pump with its surface power unit driving up and down one end of a center-mounted beam while the other end executes the opposite down-up motion. The second end is attached to a string of sucker rods that extend down to the bottom of the well and operate a pump arrangement, consisting of a cylinder, plunger, and one-way A alves. Other types of pumps in use eliminate the sucker rod and may have the power unit at... 

L.A. Giannuzzi, J.L. Brown, S.R. Brown, R.B. Irwin, and F.A. Stevie, Focused ion beam milling and micromanipulation lift-out for site specific cross-sectional TEM specimen preparation, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 480 19-27, 1997. 

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