Life-cycle strategies

For all phototrophic organisms exposed to UV radiation for substantial parts of their life cycles, strategies that passively screen UV radiation will contribute to preventing UV-induced direct and indirect damage to essential biomolecules. In addition, UV-screening may also save metabolic energy by reducing the need for constantly active avoidance and repair processes. 

Conover, R. J., and Hundey, M. (1991). Copepods in ice-covered seas. Distribution, adaptation to seasonally limited food, metabohsm, growth patterns and life cycle strategies in polar seas.J. Mar. Syst. 2, 1-41. 

The new purchasing mantra for the new utility plants is life cycle cost and to properly ensure that this is achieved a total performance condition monitoring strategy is unsurpassed. 

These inherently safer design strategies are discussed in more detail in Chapter 3, and examples can also be found in Chapter 4, which discusses inherently safer design opportunities through the life cycle of a chemical process. 

This chapter provides examples of these strategies, and the process life cycle discussions in Chapters 4 through 6 include additional examples. 

These strategies can be applied at any phase of the process life cycle. Examples of each strategy are given, drawn from all phases in the life cycle. In the next chapter, we will shift our focus and discuss opportunities for application of the strategies described at specific stages in the overall life cycle of a chemical process. 

The availability of a new class of efficient separations technology for chiral drugs can have an impact on other business issues now at the forefront of the pharmaceutical industry. For example, the strategy of better drug life cycle management can be... 

The life cycle approach for considering energy at the business strategy level can be applied to any product, provided that sufficient consideration is given to the contributing factors. The level of detail can be adjusted to allow for different levels of data availability or understanding, but it is important to assess the need for different energy consumption factors within the life cycle of the product. 

Pelletier, N. Pirog, R. Rasmussen, R. Comparative life cycle environmental impacts of three beef production strategies in the Upper Midwestern United States. Agri. Syst. 2010,103, 380-389. 

How can product strategies in the market be integrated with complexity costs, product life cycle decisions and supply network design ... 

The European Parliament has set out where it believes EC policy should focus in tackling the environmental and health problems posed by PVC. In a resolution adopted in April, it called for a phase-out of lead and cadmium stabilisers, legislation to ensure the separate collection of discarded PVC products, and a complex strategy for substitution of PVC based on life-cycle comparisons with competing products. 

Perfume, like other chemical products, follows a life cycle composed of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. To change the life cycle companies use different strategies to shift products in the maturity phase back or catapult new products forward into growth phase. For instance, a perfume in the maturity phase can be changed to a radically different category to shift the product to a growth phase. The search for the new niche is run by functional decisions. 

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