Learning deficiencies

Noland, E.A., D.H. Taylor, and R.J. Bull. 1982. Monomethyl- and trimethyltin compounds induce learning deficiencies in young rats. Neurobeh. Toxicol. Teratol. 4 539-544. 

It is critical to clarify the diagnosis of ADHD in individuals with these symptoms. Inattention and distractibility can be symptoms of an anxiety disorder, depression, or bipolar disorder. - In other cases, these anxiety or mood disorders can coexist with ADHD, just as learning deficiencies and conduct or oppositional disorders are common comorbid conditions. The presence of multiple comorbid conditions, particularly conduct or oppositional disorder, may increase the likelihood of ADHD chronicity. ... 

If skills and ability as well as learning deficiencies are the theme in a SE (e.g., discrimination between warning and work signals, simultaneous work tasks), then attributes from the category training and instruction should be assigned. 

Wernicke s syndrome is a serious consequence of alcoholism and thiamine (vitamin Bx) deficiency. Certain characteristic signs of this disease, notably ophtalmoplegia, nystagmus, and ataxia, respond rapidly to the administration of thiamine but to no other-vitamin. Wernicke s syndrome may be accompanied by an acute global confusional state that may also respond to thiamine. Left untreated, Wernicke s syndrome frequently leads to a chronic disorder in which learning and memory are strongly impaired. This so-called Korsakoff s psychosis is characterized by confabulation, and is less likely to be reversible once established. 

Deficient knowledge is die absence or deficiency of cognitive information to a specific subject. In the case of self-administration of dm die patient lacks sufficient knowledge to administer the drug regimen correctiy. It may also relate to a lack of interest in learning, cognitive limitation, or the inability to remember. 

The space-frequency localization of wavelets has lead other researchers as well (Pati, 1992 Zhang and Benveniste, 1992) in considering their use in a NN scheme. In their schemes, however, the determination of the network involves the solution of complicated optimization problem where not only the coefficients but also the wavelet scales and positions in the input space are unknown. Such an approach evidently defies the on-line character of the learning problem and renders any structural adaptation procedure impractical. In that case, those networks suffer from all the deficiencies of NNs for which the network structure is a static decision. 

The /1CDM paradigm for structure formation in the Universe, described in many hundreds of published papers, is very effective at reproducing observed large scale structure, based on a boundary condition of a scale-free Gaussian random power spectrum. Yet ACDM contains no information on the physics of whatever makes up CDM, and remains deficient in its description of galaxies and small-scale structures thus it is on galaxy scales and smaller where we can still learn the most, and hopefully attach some (astro-)physics to an ab initio power spectrum. 

Dere, E., Souza-Silva, M. A., Topic, B., Spieler, R. E., Haas, H. L. and Huston, J. P. Histidine-decarboxylase knockout mice show deficient nonreinforced episodic object memory, improved negatively reinforced water-maze performance, and increased neo- and ventro-striatal dopamine turnover. Learn. Mem. 10 510-519, 2003. 

Aiba, A., Kano, M., Chen, C. et al. Deficient cerebellar longterm depression and impaired motor learning in mGluRl mutant mice. Cell 79 377-388,1994. 

Taken as a whole, the collection should serve as a reasonable representation of how the field is progressing and evolving and should serve as a model for gauging the current trends. It is hoped that the book can inspire the younger researchers who are still trying to find their niche and can be a useful source for students who are in the process of deciding whether or not to enter into this area. There is no doubt in my mind that much remains to be learned and that electrophilic chemistry and electron-deficient reactive intermediates will continue to play a pivotal role in structural/mechanistic and synthetic chemistry, both in the traditional sense and as applied to interdisciplinary areas. 

Shall S, de Murcia G (2000) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 what have we learned from the deficient mouse model Mutat Res 460 1-15... 

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