Lead, elemental reactions with

Anion solvation leads to reactions with the solvent molecules producing a variety of anions possibly with reversed charge. This influences the pH for the aqueous solution of the hydrolyzed ions (see below). The pH concept is, however, traditionally only dealt with for the ions of the (IVB-) VB-VIIB groups producing what is called acids, although it is well known that metal cations are also acidic when dissolved in water. We may think of the acids as formed through the dissolution and hydrolysis of the acidic (anionic) element ... 

Elemental bromine is a diatomic molecule (Bt2). Bromine will combine with most other elements. Reaction with metallic elements leads to salts such as silver bromide (AgBr), in which the bromine atom has a — 1 charge and oxidation number. Bromine forms many interesting covalent compounds as well, including two oxides bromine (TV) oxide (Br02) and bromine... 

Most pyrometallurgical processes are performed at temperatures high enough to ensure that all the possible reactions proceed very fast, but occasionally this is not so, and therefore the equilibrium condition of the system may not be optimal for the yield of a desired product of reaction. This is the case for the removal of copper from primary lead by reaction with elemental sulfur. It is highly desirable to know and understand this, in order to be able to specify the optimum conditions for the conduct of the process - in this case, known as decopperising, or fine decoppering or sulfur drossing. 

Lead is one of the most stable of fabricated materials because of excellent corrosion resistance to air, water, and soil. An initial reaction with these elements results in the formation of protective coatings of insoluble lead compounds. For example, in the presence of oxygen, water attacks lead, but if the water contains carbonates and siUcates, protective films or tarnishes form and the corrosion becomes exceedingly slow. 

Tire reaction of the lead dithiolate 18 with elemental sulfur was claimed, without unambiguous structure proof, to give a dithiirane 19 in 75% yield (96ZOR1881). 

Another general method for converting alcohols to halides involves reactions with halides of certain nonmetallic elements. Thionyl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, and phosphorus tribromide are the most common examples of this group of reagents. These reagents are suitable for alcohols that are neither acid sensitive nor prone to structural rearrangement. The reaction of alcohols with thionyl chloride initially results in the formation of a chlorosulfite ester. There are two mechanisms by which the chlorosulfite can be converted to a chloride. In aprotic nucleophilic solvents, such as dioxane, solvent participation can lead to overall retention of configuration.7... 

The formation of silaneselone 57 was evidenced by the trapping reaction with mesitonitrile oxide leading to the corresponding cycloadduct 58 and was also supported by the observation of a remarkably downfield 29Si chemical shift (8Si = 174) indicative of the Si=Se double bond of 57. Although this direct selenation of silylene 55 with an equimolar amount of selenium was not reproducible, the use of excess amount of elemental selenium resulted in the formation of a new cyclic diselenide, diselenasilirane 59, as a stable compound (8Si = -44 and... 

In addition to the ability to react nonspecifically with hydrocarbons, active nitrogen can readily participate in energy transfer reactions with volatile organometal-lic compounds, leading to atomic emission from the metal atom. By use of appropriate optical filters, selective detection of elements such as aluminum, lead, tin, and mercury has been achieved in the presence of large excesses of organics [58],... 

C is mainly produced by (n,p) reactions with nitrogen, an element which is >5000 times more abundant than carbon in the atmosphere. This leads to a relatively high specific activity, thus facilitating measurements. 

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