Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent oxygen experiments

Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804) British chemist, who in 1755 became a Presbyterian minister. In Leeds, in 1767, he experimented with carbon dioxide ( fixed air ) from a nearby brewery with it he invented soda water. He moved to a ministry in Birmingham in 1780, and in 1791 his revolutionary views caused a mob to burn his house, as a result of which he emigrated to the USA in 1794. In the early 1770s he experimented with combustion and produced the gases hydrogen chloride, sulphur dioxide, and dinitrogen oxide (nitrous oxide). In 1774 he isolated oxygen see also Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent). 

Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743-94) French chemist. Lavoisier is frequently referred to as the founder of modern chemistry. Perhaps his most significant contribution was to peform careful quantitative experiments that disproved the PHLOGISTON THEORY of combustion. This led him to establish that oxygen is one of the gases present in air. He also noticed the presence of an inert gas in air, which was subsequently named nitrogen. He summarized his work in the influential book Elementary Treatise on Chemistry, which stated the law of mass conservation in chemical reactions. Lavoisier, who had been a tax farmer, was executed in 1794, in the after-math of the French Revolution. 

Laplace Pierre Simon (1749-1827) Fr. math., laid foundation of thermochemistry, theory of probability, made much use of potential partial differential equations since named after him, conducted experiments of specific heat and heat of combustion, developed ice calorimeter LaViolette Paul A. (1938 —) US. astrophys., developer of unusual subquantum kinetics and continuous creation model of the universe, and novel approach to microphysics that accounts for forces in a unified maimer Lavoisier Antoine Laurent (1743—1794) Fr. chem., discovered relation between combustion and oxygen, divided substances into elements and compounds, explained respiration, disproved phlogiston, introduced quantitative methods to chemistry... 

Boyle was both an alchemist and chemist, but the researchers who followed him left alchemy behind as they pursued the new science of chemistry. Their experiments, which were now carefully written down and repeated, revealed new metals, like cobalt and nickel, and new gases, such as nitrogen and oxygen. In 1789, the French chemist Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier (1743-1794) offered the first modern definition of an element a chemical substance... 

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