Lactose crystal structure

Lewis, M., et al. Crystal structure of the lactose operon repressor and its complexes with DNA and inducer. Science 271 1247-1254, 1996. 

Calciflations were performed using the crystallographic structure of the sialyl lactose-sialoadhesin complex, PDB crystal structure entry IQFO [64]. 

Fig. 7 Comparison of experimental and predicted STD values from CORCEMA-ST protocol for the crystal structure of sialoadhesin-sialyl lactose complex at protein/ligand ratio of 1 300. Reprinted from [63] 2004, with permission from Elsevier...

FIGURE 11-43 Structure of the lactose transporter (lactose permease) of E. coli. (a) Ribbon representation viewed parallel to the plane of the membrane shows the 12 transmembrane helices arranged in two nearly symmetrical domains shown in different shades of blue. In the form of the protein for which the crystal structure was determined, the substrate sugar (red) is bound near the middle of the membrane where it is exposed to the cytoplasm (derived from PDB ID 1 PV7). (b) The structural changes postulated to take place during one transport... 

Knoop, E. and Samhammer, E. 1962. Roentgenographic studies on the crystal structure of lactose in milk powder. Milchuiissenschaft 17, 128-131. 

Ramakrishnan, B. and Qasba, P.K. 2001. Crystal structure of lactose synthase reveals a large conformational change in its catalytic component, the beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase-I. JMol Biol 310(1) 205—218. 

Saito, Z. 1985. Particle structure in spray-dried whole milk and in instant skim milk powder as related to lactose crystallization. Food Microstruct. 4, 333-340. 

The similar distinct absorption peak shown for yff-D-fructopyranose is associated with a weakly bonding 0(4)H group forming a two-center H 0 bond of 2.07 A (Fig. 13.25). A similar separate absorption peak should also be observed for the very weakly bonded 0(4)H group in the / -D-glucopyranose (Fig. 13.27) and /1-lactose (Fig. 13.43) crystal structures, but hitherto these have not been reported. 

Many drugs and excipients (cephalexin monohydrate, quinidine sulfate dihydrate, ampicillin trihydrate, codeine sulfate trihydrate, morphine sulfate dihydrate, dicalcium phosphate trihydrate, raffinose pentahy-drate, lactose monohydrate) utilize water as an integral part of their crystal structure. Solids that form specific crystal hydrates tend to sorb relatively small amounts of water to their external surface below a characteristic relative humidity, when initially dried to an anhydrous... 

X-ray crystal structure of lactose bound to galectin 2. Dashed lines indicate hydrogen bonds. (Adapted with permission from [178])... 

The present study has shovm that spray-dried and freeze-dried lactose have different physical structures, thermal transitions, and time-dependent lactose crystallization behavior. Spray-dried lactose had round-shaped particles but freeze-dried lactose resembled broken glass or had a flakelike structure. Tg and Tq. of freeze-dried lactose were higher than those of... 

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