Slave labour

Meanwhile, back in Australia, slave labour continues. . . Couldn t we just wriggle our noses and they d be magically all done ... 

An estimated 246 million children between 5 and 14 years of age are engaged in child labour worldwide (UNICEF, 2004). Of those, 171 million work in hazardous situations or conditions, such as in mines or agriculture. In addition, many children do not have access to education, are not provided adequate health care or nutrition, are abducted, abused, and/or beaten, and are essentially reduced to slave labour. Information is limited, but includes the following ... 

Ilex paraguayensis (mate) (Aquifoliaceae), Coffea arabica, Coffea spp. (coffee) (Rubiaceae) [coffee bean], Paullinia cupana (guarana) (Sapindaceae), Cola acuminata (cola) (Sterculiaceae) [seed], Camellia sinensis (tea) (Theaceae) [leaf] African slave labour especially for Brazil coffee plantations plus cotton, sugar plantations in the Americas - about 13 million kidnapped transported to the Americas... 

Money did exist in some camps, produced by the prisoners, but it was not a payment for work, for the workers were slave-labourers. It was a reward for good behaviour. In Sachsenhausen concentration camp another type of fake money existed. Prisoners successfully faked the Allies money in the 1940s, leading to panic on the part of the Bank of England. 

The Romans had vast supplies of copper at their disposal for they were able to work the mines with slave labour in various parts of their far-flung empire. Pliny specially mentions Cyprus where, he... 

The austerity of the war years promoted the use of reinforced concrete. Steel was precious, and the simple technology of mixing and casting earth materials allowed unskilled, replacement and slave labour to produce fortifications and production facilities. And the material was almost ideally suited to resisting... 

Polish POWs and forced labourers 150,000-200,000 Estonian, Lithuanian, and Latvian Wehrmacht and SS soldiers, slave labourers, and civilians fleeing the Soviets 100,000-150,000 ethnic Ukrainians and 250,000 Jewish refugees, including a small group who had survived the death camps and death marches (Cohen 2012 5-6). 

Welskopf, E. 1980. Free Labor in the City of Athens. In Non-Slave Labour in the Greco-Roman World, edited by P. Gamsey, pp. 23-25. Cambridge. 

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