L-glutamic add

The presence of organic acid substituents in exopolysaccharides increases the lipophilidty of the molecule. In addition, for some exopolysaccharides with relatively high organic acid contents, their interaction with cations and with other polysaccharides may be influenced. Several amino adds have also been found in bacterial exopolysaccharides, including serine and L-glutamic add (Figure 7.1). 

Normally amino add synthesis will just satisfy the metabolic demand. In some cases, when the amino add occurs in both biosynthetic and energy production pathways, overproduction of the amino add can take place. This is the case, espedally for L-glutamic add, with Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Microbacterium and Arthrobacter. 

The salt ions are captured by the ion exchange membranes that are present. The applications are limited to desalting amino add solutions, eg removal of HQ from L-glutamic add solution. 

In both cases the top layer of these layered polyelectrolyte films contains many ion sites that can bind redox ions by ion exchange vdth the electrolyte solution. Homo polypeptides such as poly(L-lysine) and poly(L-glutamic add) have been employed to form layered polyelectrolyte films with Fe(CN)6 " electrostatically adsorbed onto ammonium sites in poly(lysine) [45]. Modified electrodes with polyelectrolytes mono-layers have also been deposited using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique [46-48]. 

Figure 1. Radiation-induced hydrogen exchange in poly-a, L-glutamic add...

Figure 2. Change in relative viscosity of poly-a,L-glutamic add ( ) and poly-

O = poly(L-ghitamic add)-poly(4-vinyl-pyridine) = poly(L-glutamic add)-poly(2-vinylpyridine) Solvent water-methanol (50 50 by volume)... 

CADVUY. D,L-Glutamic add monohydrate (C3H9N04, H20). Ciunik Z, Glowiak T (1983) Acta Cryst, C (Cr Str Comm) 39 1271... 

N-oc-t-Boc-L-His Oleyl imidazole L-glutamic add dioleylester ribitol (stabilizer) DVB toluene Co(II)Cl2+water Using substrate analog surface imprinting by W/0 emulsion polymerization hydrolysis of N-a-Boc-L-Ala p-nitrophenyl ester in isooctane/phosphate buffer [1751... 

L-Malate (from fumarate) Gibberellic acid (from cheese whey) 2,3-Butanediol (from whey permeate) L-Glutamic add Fumarase Brevibacterium ammonia genes Fusarium moniUform cells Klebsiella pneumoniae cells Brevibacterium flavum (multienzyme)... 

J. Singer, R. Bhatt, J. Tulinsky, K. Buhler, E. Heasley, P. Klein, P. de Vries, Water-soluble poly-(L-glutamic add)-gly-camptothecin conjugates enhance camptothecin stability and efficacy in vivo, J. Control. Release 74 (2001) 243-247. 

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