Kistiakowsky equation

A semi-empirical equation was introduced by Kistiakowsky and Wilson and took the following form ... 

CHEMKIN REAL-GAS A Fortran Package for Analysis of Thermodynamic Properties and Chemical Kinetics in Nonideal Systems, Schmitt, R. G., Butler, P. B. and French, N. B. The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. Report UIME PBB 93-006,1993. A Fortran program (rglib.f and rgin-terp.f) used in connection with CHEMKIN-II that incorporates several real-gas equations of state into kinetic and thermodynamic calculations. The real-gas equations of state provided include the van der Waals, Redlich-Kwong, Soave, Peng-Robinson, Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson, and Nobel-Abel. 

The thermal isomerization of cyclopropane to propylene is perhaps the most important single example of a unimolecular reaction. This system has been studied by numerous workers. Following the work of Trautz and Winkler (1922), who showed that the reaction was first order and had an energy of activation of about 63,900 cal mole measured in the temperature range 550-650° C, Chambers and Kistiakowsky (1934) studied the reaction in greater detail and with higher precision from 469-519° C. They confirmed that it was first order and, for the reaction at its high-pressure limit, obtained the Arrhenius equation... 

Kistiakowsky-Fishtine equation puys chem An equation to calculate latent heats of vaporization of pure compounds useful when vapor pressure and critical data are not available., kis-te-a k6f-ske fa shtTn i,kwa-zhan kitol oRG CHEM C40H60O2 One of the provitamins of vitamin A derived from whale liver oil crystallizes from methanol solution. ke,tol ... 

Mader, C. L., Detonation Properties of Condensed Explosives Computed Using the Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson Equation of State, Report LA-2900, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 1963. 

Relative performance" of various HE s was predicted by Kury et al (Ref 7, p 11) on calcn using Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson equation in a thermodynamic-hydrodynamic code, such as RUBY (qv). To do this the energy release (AE) for the reaction ... 

Cowan Fickett (Addnl Ref E) added the 6 to T to prevent pressure from tending to infinity as the temperature tends to zero and to keep (dp/e T)v positive over the range of volumes of interest. They found that the values a =0.5 and /3 = 0.09 were satisfactory for reporducing experimental detonation velocity-density curve and C-J pressure of Comp B. The value of 6 they used was 400 k was defined as /tSx -k(, where K was 11,85, x was the mole fraction and kz- were the individual geometrical covolumes. The final version of Cowan-Fickett equation is given here under Kistiakowsky-Wilson Equation of State... 

Cj) Cook Equation of State. See under Kistiakowsky-Halford-Wilson-Brinkley Equation of State and in Ref 12, p 63... 

HKWB) Equation of State. See Kistiakowsky-Halford-Wilson-Brinkley (KHWB) Equation of State... 

Pure shock waves) 4) G.B. Kistiakowsky, p 951 in Kirk Othmer 5 (1950), pp given in the text (Not included in the 2nd edition) 5) Corner, Ballistics (1950), 100-01 (Corner Noble-Abel equations of state) 6) SAC MS, Ballistics (1951), 18 (Covolume and equation of state of propint gases) 7) Taylor(1952), 34 (Boltzmann and Hirschfelder Roseveare equation of state for the expln products) 69-72 (Rankine-Hugoniot equation of state) 87-98 (Abel, Boltzmann and other equations of state applicable to deton of condensed expls yielding only gaseous products) 114 (Equations of state applicable to deton of condensed expls whose products contain a condensed phase)... 

Rankine-Hugoniot equations 181-87 (Equations of state which include among others the following Jones Miller, Lennard-Jones Devonshire, Halford-Kistiakowsky-Wilson, Joffe its modification by Su Chang, Taylor, Kihara Hikita, Travers, Cook, Kistiakowsky-Wilson-Brinkley and Polytropic equations) 194 (Landau-Stanyukovich and Hirschfelder et al equations of state 11) J.F. Roth, Explosiv-stoffe 1958, 50 (Abel sche Zustandsgleichung fur die Detonation) 12) Cook (1958), 37 (General equation of state) 62-3 [Halford-Kistiakowsky-W ilson-Brinkley equation of state, (listed as K-H-W-B equation of state)] ... 

K3) C.L. Mader, "Detonation Performance Calculations Using the Kistiakowsky-Wilson Equation of State", LASL Rept LA-2613 (1961) L) M.M.Kuznetsov, ZhFizKhim 35,... 

CA 55, 24011(1961) (Equation of state of the products in. RDX detonation) Mj) W. Fickett, "Detonation Properties of Condensed Explosives Calculated with an Equation of State Based on Intermo-lecular Potentials , Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Report LA-2712(1962), Los Alamos, New Mexico, pp 9-10 (Model of von Neumann-Zel dovich), pp 153-66 [Comparison of KW (Kistiakowsky-Wilson) equation of state with those of LJD (Lennard-Jones-Devonshire) and Constant-/ ] M2) C.L. 

N) C.L. Mader, "Detonation Properties of Condensed Explosives Using BeCker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson Equation of State , LASL Rept LA-2900(1963) O) M. Lutzky, "The Flow Field Behind a Spherical Detonation in TNT Using the Landau-Stanyukovich Equation of State for Detonation Products , USNavalOrdnanceLaboratory, White Oak, Md, NOLTR 64-40(1964) (The equation discussed in Rept is the one modified by Zel dovich Kompaneets and is referred to by Lutzky as "LSZK Equation of State ) Oi) M.L. Wilkins, Univ of Calif, LawrenceRadLab, Livermore, Calif, Rept UCRL-7797(1964) P) H. Hurwitz, "Calculation of the Detonation Parameters With... 

Detonation, Kistiakowsky et al Equations of State. See under Detonation (and Explosion), Equations of State... 

IBM-7030 STRETCH Computer using the Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson equation of state. These parameters are listed by us under "Detonation (and Explosion), Equations of State Used in . He also detd several Chapman-Jouguet parameters... 

Important work on the theory of detonation process was performed during WWII in the US by-Division 8 of NDRC under G.B. Kistiakowsky, by.E.B. Wilson Jr and others. Summary of this work was given by S.R. Brinkley-Jr in Ref 39, pp 83-88 and we are using this important work in compiling this section of the Encyclopedia The NDRC review begins with. a qualitative discussion of the building up of a "discontinuous shock front . Then the Riemann formulation of the equation of hydrodynamics is introduced. This formulation was published in 1860 (Ref 1)... 

Kistiakowsky, 8c Wilson (Ref 29a) calcd deton velocities of some gaseous and condensed expls using a modification of Becker s semiempirical eq of state. The calcd values were, in most cases, in fair agreement with, exptl values. In their final rept (Ref 29b) a more general equation of state fiv if... 

This approach, instigated by Kistiakowsky, Wilson, and Halford,7 may be said to have its roots in Eq. (1).. These authors modified an equation due to Becker... 

APPENDIX A. THE DEPENDENCE OF PRESSURE ON TEMPERATURE IN THE KISTIAKOWSKY-WILSON EQUATION OF STATE WITH MADER S RDX PARAMETERS... 

The rationalization of this anomaly holds important implications about effects, of product compositions on calculations from Eq. (1). To whatever extent Eq. (1) successfully parallels ruby and the Kistiakowsky-Wilson equation of state, and to whatever extent the latter in turn successfully describe actual phenomena, these implications may also serve toward a better understanding of properties of explosives in real detonations and, eventually, certain types of damage effects. 

In discussing Eq. (1) in the earlier papers of this series, it was emphasized several times that despite some serious questions which had been raised regarding the accuracy or appropriateness of the computer codes input information, our temporary intent was to devise a simple calculational method which might best reproduce ruby results. It was also mentioned that the Kistiakowsky-Wilson equation of state7,8 parameters used in ruby6 were chosen by Mader5 so as to best accommodate five experimental measurements the detonation pressure of RDX at 1.80 g/cc, the detonation velocities of RDX at 1.00 and 1.80 g/cc, and the detonation velocities of TNT at 1.00 and 1.64 g/cc. 

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