Kinetic energy pump

Impingement separators, 246, 257 Chevron style, 248, 255 Efficiencies, 246 Knitted wire mesh, 246 York-vane efficiencies, 248 Inertial centrifugal separators, 266, 268 Kinetic energy, pump system, 187 Lamella plate classifiers, 239 Line sizing work sheet, 107... 

The jet pump relies on the same hydraulic power being delivered sub-surface as to the hydraulic reciprocating pump, but there the similarity ends. The high-pressure power fluid is accelerated through a nozzle, after whioh it is mixed with the well stream. The velocity of the well stream is thereby increased and this acquired kinetic energy is converted to pressure in an expander. The pressure is then sufficient to deliver the fluids to surface. The jet pump has no moving parts and can be made very compact. 

With no other available escape route, the fluid is passed to the outside of the impeller by centrifugal force and into the volute where its kinetic energy is converted into pressure. At the point of discharge (i.e., discharge nozzle), the fluid is highly pressurized compared to its pressure at the inlet nozzle of the pump. This pressure drives the... 

It should be noted that a slightly additional height will be required if the kinetic energy at the pump inlet cannot be utilised. 

Figure 5.36. Effect of electrochemical O2 pumping on the Zr 3dj XPS spectra of Pt/YSZ at 400°C (a) Zr 3d5/2 spectrum shift from AUWr=0 (solid curve) to AUwr=1. 2 V (dashed curve) (b) effect of overpotential AUv/r on the binding energy, Eb) and kinetic energy, (AEk--AEb) shifts of Zr 3dS/2 (filled circles, working electrode grounded) and Pt 4f7/2 (open circle, reference electrode grounded).6 Reprinted with permission from the American Chemical Society.

One possibility to avoid this limitation is the conversion of heat into another kind of energy like mechanical or electrical energy. In this case (see Figure 231) the converter is producing entropy free work, which can be stored without theoretical limitations. Examples are pump storages, where water is pumped to a higher level, or flywheels, where kinetic energy can be stored. 

Obviously the NPSH must be positive, or the liquid would be vaporized and the pump would be filled with gas. Since a pump is designed to transport liquids, if this happened it would just spin in its housing and no transfer would be accomplished. There is an increase in velocity as the liquid enters most pumps. This conversion of pressure energy to kinetic energy may reduce the pressure enough to cause fluids that have a positive NPSH to vaporize. Therefore, each pump has some minimum NPSH below which it will not operate properly. For most pumps an NPSH of 14 ft (4.2 m) of fluid is adequate. Some positive displacement pumps can operate at an NPSH of 6 ft (2 m). Use equation 5 to calculate the NPSH for each pump to be specified. 

The blower calculations are similar to those for the pumps. The optimum velocity for air is around 75ft/sec and the pressure drop is about 0.2 psi per 100ft of piping. At this velocity the kinetic energy term in the pressure-drop equation cannot be ignored. The pressure drop can be approximated if a 14 in. duct is specified and Figure 8-7b is used. 

Fig. 3.8. Left schematic illustration of TRPE. The IR pump pulse (hi/1) perturbs the electronic states of the sample. The photon energy of the UV probe pulse (h.1/2) exceeds the work function and monitors changes in occupied and unoccupied states simultaneously. Right experimental setup for TRPE. Pairs of IR and UV pulses are time delayed with respect to each other and are focused onto the sample surface in the UHV chamber. The kinetic energy of photoelectrons is analyzed by an electron time-of-flight spectrometer (e-TOF). From [23]...

KINETIC ENERGY (MATERIAL TRANSFER) Moving process material Overpressure or overtemperature by deadheaded pumping Impingement by process material Water hammer damage... 

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