Ketones ferric chloride test

Phenothiazines can cause increased urinary ketones (ferric chloride test) (SED-11,115). 

None of the commonly used methods for the detection and determination of ketone bodies in serum or urine reacts with ah three ketone bodies. Gerhardt s ferric chloride test reacts with acetoacetate only. Tests using nitroprusside are at least 10 times more sensitive to acetoacetate than to acetone, and give no reaction at all with P hydroxybutyrate. 

Some aldehydes and ketones, those that have a high enol content, give a positive ferric chloride test, as described for phenols in Experiment 52F. 

The end test is performed with about 0.5 ml. of solution, which is neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid and treated with 3-5 drops of 10% ethanolic ferric chloride. A reddish brown color denotes the presence of unhydrolyzed formyl ketone. 

Base-catalyzed reactions of amino sugars with 2,4-pentanedione in a nonaqueous solvent (piperidine-triethylamine-methanol) have also been reported. The products obtained under these conditions from 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose are 3-acetyl-2-methyl-5-(D-ami)OTo-tetrahydroxybutyl)-pyrrole (2) (in about 90% yield) and 2-deoxy-2-n(4-oxopent-2-enyl)-amino]-D-glucose (28). Proofs that structure (28) is correct were (a) the ultraviolet absorption, typical of a -amino a,j3-unsaturated ketone, (b) a positive test with the ferric chloride reagent, and (c) quantitative... 

Only a very activated aromatic compound could react in the absence of this catalyst. Dilution also reduces the effectiveness of nitration. All this information plus the fact that this compound gives a positive ferric chloride (FeCls) test [phenols react with FeCl3 to give a colored complex] tells us tropolone is a phenol. Thus, we now know tropolone is aromatic and, in particular, is a phenol. In addition, we know that tropolone cannot contain a carbonyl group since it does not undergo the 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine addition reaction typical of ketones and aldehydes. 

A test which is used for the detection of ketone bodies in urine. It is based on the reaction of ferric chloride with acetoacetic acid to give a purple colour. 

Gerhardt s test. This is the reaction of ketone bodies with ferric chloride to produce a brownish-red colour. 

Stationary phase silica gel G. Mobile phase M = acetone M2 = ethyl methyl ketone A/j = propan-2-ol M = 10% diphenylamine in methanol A/5 = 10% diethylamine hydrochloride (DEAH) in methanol A/ = formic acid (FA)-10% DEAH in methanol (9 1) A/7 = FA-acetone (1 9) Mi = FA-propan-2-ol (1 9) Mg = FA-propan-2-ol (9 1). Conditions Ascending technique, run 10 cm. layer thickness 0.25 mm. 1% test solutions as sodium or potassium salts of anions, activation temperature 100 S°C for I h, loading volume 10 )i.l. Detection (a) 1% ferric chloride solution in 2.0 M HCI for SCN , MoOl", FelCNjs" and Fe(CN). (b) Saturated solution of silver nitrate in methanol forCrOi", CraO ", S . ", VOj, Cl , T, Br , lOj, lOj and CHsCOO". (c) 1% solution of K1 in 1% HCI for NO2 and BrOj. Remarks Separation of microgram amounts of iodate from large excess of iodide, bromide, or chloride, and vice versa on silica gel layer with A/g. 

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