Kerogen humic

Comparable infrared (IR) spectra of complex organic solids such as coals (Fig. 7) 23), cherts, kerogens, humic substances and some natural polymers have been presented in various publications. They show a limited number of rather broad bands which are due to well defined chemical groups and can often be interpreted by comparison to less complicated spectra. The signals commonly observed in fossil organic matter are as follows (Robin et al., 1977 21), Tissot Welte, 1978 24), Rouxhet et al., 1980 22>, Friedel Carlson, 1972 25)) ... 

The HS yields from the pelletal and matricial OM (Table 1) shows a high content of humic compounds isolated from pellets (humic carbon up to 75% of TOC) and a lower one in adjacent sediments (humic carbon less than 21% of TOC), along with the higher content of HU (low mature kerogen) in surrounding sediments and the lowest in the pellets. 

Calvin, M., and Philip, R. P. (1976). Possible origin for insoluble organic (kerogen) debris in sediments from insoluble cell-wall material of algae and bacteria. Nature 232,134-136. Cameron, R. S., Thornton, B. K., Swift, R. S., and Posner, A. M. (1972). Molecular weight and shape of humic acid from sedimentation and diffusion measurements on fractionated extracts. /. Soil Sci. 23,394 108. 

Yamamoto, S., Yoshioka, H., and Ishiwatari, R. (2007). Pyrolysis- and chemical degradation-GC/MS analyses of environmental kerogen and humic substances and their applications to geochemistry. Bunseki Kagaku 56(2), 71-91. 

Challinor (13,18,19) first introduced this technique for the simultaneous pyrolysis and methylation of phenolic polymers, and since then, it has been applied to different biopolymers (14,20,21), humic materials (9-11,15-17,22-25), asphaltenes and kerogens (26,27) and natural and fosil resins and resinites (28,29). 

A series of experiments has been carried out to observe the generation of the different classes of oil constituents. Aliquots of two kerogens from the Green River Shale (type I) (6) and the Lower Toarcian shales of the Paris Basin (type II) (7) where heated at a constant heating rate of 4°C min to different final temperatures ranging from 375°C to 550°C. A humic coal from Indonesia (type III) was also used for comparison (8). These various... 

Organic petrography and organic element analysis reveal that the source of the kerogen is algal (lamosites dominating) while other maceral forms dominate locally to form carbonaceous shale and humic coals. 

The relationship of humin to kerogen, and the role of these substances as precursors to coal and petroleum are discussed by Hatcher et al. in Chapter 11. Schnitzer discusses the nature of nitrogen in humic substances in the last chapter (Chapter 12) of the geochemistry section. 

Another hypothesis is that humic substances are leached from kerogen in the sediment of the aquifer. Both hypotheses will be examined in light of the characterization data in order to see which makes the most chemical and geological sense. ... 

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