Kautsky effect

Plants subjected to a dark to light transition show fluorescence transients known as the Kautsky effect (1). These transients are composed of two superimposed fluorescence components. First, an initial constant fluorescence (Fq) due to emission by the antennae chlorophyll molecules and not linked to the photochemistry. Second, a variable fluorescence (Fy) which represents fluorescence emission due to a recombination process between the PSII reaction center and its primary electron acceptor Qa (2). The study of photochemistry necessitates the separation of the Fq contribution from the total fluorescence yield F=Fv+Fo where F represents the total fluorescence in time, Fy the variable fluorescence, and Fq the constant fluorescence. Using the least square regression on the linearized form of a power curve, we demonstrated that the Fq fluorescence value estimated was more reproducible than Fq estimated via the linear extrapolation (3). In this report, we investigated the effect of different initial fluorescence rises on the evaluation of the F level. Our method is then discussed, in light of the results, as to the accuracy it yields. 

Analysis of the data shows some mutants to be blocked in PS-II (/ic/103mu, 103, 114), others blocked in the cytochrome bg/f complex hcf 102, 105, 109, 110, 111), and another class blocked in PS-I hcf 101, 104). Upon further analysis mutants hcf 107 and 108 showed a reduction of the proton translocating ATPase CFi, while the two remaining mutants were not clearly defined. Analysis of leaf fluorescence induction kinetics (Kautsky effect) supported the above characterization of the mutants. 

Manchester in August of 1933. As with the discovery of the Hirsch-Kautsky effect and Zocher s work on the optical properties of liquid crystals, the experiences of Eyring and Horiuti provide excellent examples of the opportunity the Institute provided some researchers to launch lines of research that would continue to shape their careers well after they left Dahlem. 

Wikstrom SA, Kautsky L (2004) Invasion of a habitat-forming seaweed effects on associated biota. Biological Invasions 6 141-150... 

Similar effects were observed by Stigter e< al. (185) with silica and aluminum chloride. The assumption of hydrolytic adsorption is supported by an observed increase of conductivity upon addition of silica to aluminum chloride solutions. Kautsky and Wesslau (240) observed hydrolytic adsorption of Th + ions. The reaction scheme given above is a simplification since, in reality, solutions of basic iron or aluminum salts contain polynuclear complexes. The size of the aggregates depends on pH and concentration. Chromatographic separation of various metal ions on silica gel columns was first described by Schwab and Jockers (241). The role of hydrolytic adsorption in column chromatography on silica gel was stressed by Umland and Kirchner (242). The use of this technique in analytical separations was investigated in detail by Kohlschiitter and collaborators (243-246). An application to thin-layer chromatography was described by Seiler (247). 

Andersson, S., Kautsky, L. (1996) Copper effects on reproductive stages of Baltic Sea Fucus vesiculosis. Marine Biology 125 171-176. 

Kautsky MB, Featherstone JD Effects of salivary components on dissolution rates of carbonated apatites. Caries Res 1993 27 373-377. 

To explain the Emerson enhancement effect, Govindjee and Rahinowitch ° obtained evidence from the action spectra of the enhancement effect the presence of two distinct forms of Chl-a in vivo presumably present in two different pigment systems. Soon, new experimental evidence in support of the two-photo-system concept was reported independently by Govindjee etal and by Kautsky eta/. from evidence obtained from fluorescence and by Kok and Hoch Duysens " and Witt based on measurements of absorbance changes. We present here two results based on absorbance changes associated with changes in the redox state of electron carriers in the chloroplast. 

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