Jeffreys probe

The Jeffreys probes 33.6 and 33.15 are available for research purposes only, in a high-quality form, with primers added ready for labelling with P by random primer extension. A recommended primer extension method of labelling is provided by the manufacturer, which involves a preparation time of less than 2 h. 

Replace the prehybridization solution with hybridization solution containing approximately 10 counts min" ml of purified, labelled DNA probe. Allow hybridization to proceed at 55°C (for M13) or 62°C (Jeffreys probes) overnight with shaking. 

A numerical illustration will show the lack of power of the technique. Suppose we have a pair of human cousins and that each has 60 detectable bands, which is also n (the average number of bands), using the combination of the two Jeffreys probes. A good estimate of x is 20%. From this, one can easily calculate that the expected bandsharing between cousins is 29.44%. The most probable number of bands shared for two such cousins is thus 18. If they were unrelated the most likely number of bands shared would be 12. If we have a = b = 60, and c = 18, we can use (1) above to calculate the likelihood ratio. The number resulting is 8.75. Thus, the most probable data set if the individuals are cousins is only 8.75 times more probable than it would be if they were unrelated. Therefore it will normally be impossible to establish with statistical confidence that cousins are related. 

The Jeffreys probes 33.6 and 33.15 and pSPT derivatives are the subject of patent No. GBA 2166445 and worldwide patents (pending) for commercial diagnostic use. All enquiries regarding the probes should be directed to ICI Diagnostics, Gadbrook Park, Northwich, Cheshire, UK. 

Multilocus DNA probes such as those of Jeffreys et al (1985), oligonucleotides homologous to very simple sequence repeats (Ali et al, 1986) and the DNA... 

Much of the methodology for DNA preparation, and Southern blot analysis used for DNA fingerprinting, is pubhshed elsewhere (Honma et al., 1993) and the reader should refer to this for further details (particularly for steps 1-3 above) and to the procedures supplied with the Jeffreys multilocus probes). 

A variety of hybridization conditions have been described for different fingerprinting probes (Jeffreys et at, 1985a, b Chen et al, 1990 Vassart et al, 1987). The method of Church and Gilbert (1984) is particularly useful due to the simplicity of the hybridization solution. 

The multilocus method discovered by Alec Jeffreys has proved useful in a wide range of animal and plant species and is currently one of the most widely used fingerprinting methods in population studies. This method, using probes 33.6 and 33.15, is the only fingerprinting method for which a formal international quality control system is operated (Zeneca Cellmark Diagnostics), and offers a unique opportunity for the standardization of cell line quahty control procedures in widely distributed laboratories. 

The technique of DNA fingerprinting was first established by Jeffreys et al (1985a, b), who discovered mini-satellite probes with the capability to produce... 

P. A. Speight, K. R. Jeffrey, and J. A. Courtney, "A probe modification for pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance to eliminate spurious ringing, J. Phys. E 7, 801-802 (1974). 

Westway s Sleaze Factor, New York Times, October 9,1984, p. A33. Shallit, Jeffrey. (2005). Science, Pseudoscience, and the Three Stages of Truth, https //cs.uwaterloo.ca/ shallit/Papers/stages.pdf Staff. (1980). Pat Seeks Probe of Possible Link Between EPA and Westway Foe, New York Daily News, August 20,1980. 

---