Japanese beech

Serpula lacrymans Japanese beech (Tagus crenata) >20 44 Takahashi eta/. (1 989)... 

Figure 1 Effect of acetylation on the decay resistance of wood against Tyromyces palustris (A). Serpula lacrymans (B), Coriolus versicolor (C), and soil burial (D). (O) Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), ( ) Japanese red pine Pinus densiflora) (A) albizzia (Albizia falcata), (A) Japanese beech (Fagus crenata). Relative weight loss = Wj/Wi X 100, W, weight loss of control wood W2. weight loss of acetylated wood.

Figure 3 Mortality of worker termites of Coptotermes formosanus fed on formalized Japanese beech. Symbols are same as those in Fig. 2.

The physical properties of wood-chip of used timber crushed by a hammer-type crusher were investigated. The samples of wood-chip were taken from five by-product treatment plants in Kanto area. Table 1 shows the physical properties of the wood-chip mentioned above. In the table, the sorts of timber for the industrial raw materials were conifer trees e.g. Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, pine and Japanese beech. The wood-chip for fuel were mixed of conifer trees and broad-leafed trees. Photo. 1 shows the sample of wood-chip used for this experiment. 

Japanese beech wood Temperature 170-290°C Residence time 30 min Pressure 20 MPa In both batch and semi-batch conversions, saccharides yield obtained from cellulose and hemicelluloses was maximum. Lu and Saka, 2010... 

Lu, X., Saka, S. Hydrolysis of Japanese beech by batch and semi-flow water under subcritical temperatures and pressures. Biomass Bioenerg 2010, 34,1089-1097. 

The American pine marten Mantes americana) ranges widely in conifer-dominated and mixed wood forests of North America. The closely related pine marten (M. mantes) occurs in similar habitats in northern Europe and Asia, as does the Japanese marten (M. melampus) of Japan. The fisher (M. pennanti) of North America is a larger species, as are the beech marten (M. foina) of Eurasia, the sable (M. zibellina) of northern Asia, and the Himalayan marten (M. flavigula) of mountainous regions of southern Asia. 

The deciduous trees and shrubs also known as the broad-leaved plants and the summer-green plants form the principal tropophytes. The deciduous forests, which include the oaks, the beeches, the ashes, the maples, the walnuts, the chestnuts, cover a great part of eastern and western China, central Europe (England, France, Belgium, Germany) and eastern Australia, and are coincident with the countries occupied by the most civilized races of man, such as the Americans, Europeans, Chinese and Japanese. The cold temperate climatic conditions which have determined the distribution of the forest trees have been influential also in the development of the energetic races of mankind. 

My protest about the discrimination against Americans of Japanese descent by the British occupation forces reverberated. I was interviewed by Carl Mydans of Life magazine and Keyes Beech of the Chicago Daily News and I learned later that the wire services also carried stories about the racist British policies. The publicity... 

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