Isopropanol viscosity

The uncertainty of calculating the Poiseuille number from the measurements must be taken into account. The viscosity-pressure relationship of certain liquids (e.g., isopropanol, carbon tetrachloride) must be kept in mind to obtain the revised theoretical flow rate. The effect of evaporation from the collection dish during the mass flow rate measurement must be taken into consideration. The effect of evaporation of collected water into the room air may not be negligible, and due to the extremely low mass flow rates through the micro-channel this effect can become significant. 

Fig. 4.12 Measured Po vs. Reynolds number with viscosity based on average tube fluid temperature represented by circles, and inlet temperature represented by squares for a fused silica square micro-channel with isopropanol. Reprinted from Judy et al. (2002) with permission...

The recent introduction of non-aqueous media extends the applicability of CE. Different selectivity, enhanced efficiency, reduced analysis time, lower Joule heating, and better solubility or stability of some compounds in organic solvent than in water are the main reasons for the success of non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE). Several solvent properties must be considered in selecting the appropriate separation medium (see Chapter 2) dielectric constant, viscosity, dissociation constant, polarity, autoprotolysis constant, electrical conductivity, volatility, and solvation ability. Commonly used solvents in NACE separations include acetonitrile (ACN) short-chain alcohols such as methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), isopropanol (i-PrOH) amides [formamide (FA), N-methylformamide (NMF), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA)] and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Since NACE—UV may present a lack of sensitivity due to the strong UV absorbance of some solvents at low wavelengths (e.g., formamides), the on-line coupling of NACE... 

Toluene/Isopropanol, added in 2 1 ratio to achieve ca 1000 200 cP viscosity in 20% solution... 

High active products can reach a gel-like viscosity, but can be thinned with Isopropanol or Butyl Propylsolv. 

All nitrocelluloses are soluble in acetone. The viscosity of the solutions is very variable. (For its adjustment by pressure boiling see above.) Nitrocellulose is transported in tightly closed drums or in pasteboard drums lined with plastic bags inside, which contain at least 25% of a moisturizing agent (water, alcohol, isopropanol, butanol, etc.). 

Figure 13. Plot of (VssIl/2)" (corrected for T- changes due to viscosity) against [SH]- for naphthaquinone reduced by isopropanol (O) alone, and in the presence of phenol (O) or penta-chlorophenol (A) at 0°C.

The per cent conversion was measured after shortstopping with 200 ppm hydroquinone, by coagulating in isopropanol, and then drying to constant weight. The molecular weight was obtained from the viscosity of a 10% solution of coagulated polymer in toluene, as measured in an Ostwald Capillary Viscometer (size 50). The per cent conversion was reproducible to within 15%, while the molecular weight was reproducible to within 50%. 

Most inks contain significant amounts of solvent for dissolving the resin and adjusting the ink viscosity. The kind of solvent used depends on the substrate and the end use of the print. Water as well as hydrocarbons are used, also ketones, esters and alcohols. For example ethanol and isopropanol are common in flexo printing. The solution of resin in a solvent is also called vehicle . 

Properties White, crystalline solid. Fp 70C, bp 265C, d 1.048 (20/4C), viscosity 3.47 centistokes (0C), 1.54 centistokes (120C), refr index 1.4859 (75C), flash p 275F (135C) (COC). Soluble in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, Cellosolve (12C), naphtha, benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, and linseed oil insoluble in water and 10% sodium hydroxide. Combustible. 

Start your preparative system with a mobile phase of known viscosity, e.g. methanol-water (80 20%) for RP systems, or isopropanol for normal phase systems. Use a linear flow-rate at least as high as the flow-rate later used in operation of the column. The pressure drop should be slightly higher than the operational pressure drop to be used. Let the system run for a short time... 

Hou (1993) reported that for a petroleum sulfonate-HPAM-mixed alcohol (isopropanol isobutanol = 8 1) system, the addition of polymer did not change the three types of phase behavior, but the upper phase and lower phase volumes were increased very slightly and the middle phase volume was decreased accordingly. This volume changes were caused by the interaction of the alcohol with HPAM. HPAM brought some of alcohol from the middle phase into the aqueous phase, resulting in the decrease in the middle phase volume. As polymer concentration was increased, the aqueous phase viscosity was increased while the middle phase viscosity remained almost unchanged because very little polymer would go to the middle phase. Therefore, HPAM had little effect on the middle phase properties. 

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