2-isobutyl succinic acid

Protease-Catalyzed Preparation of Chiral 2-Isobutyl Succinic Acid Derivatives for Collagenase Inhibitor R00319790... 

Fig. 1 Structures of collagenase inhibitor RO0319790 1 and 2-isobutyl succinic acid 4-ethyl ester 2.

Tills is generally associated with the familiar alcoholic fermentation in which theoretically 100 parts of glucose are converted to 51.1 parts of ethyl alcohol (ethanol). 48.9 parts of carbon dioxide (CO/i. and heat. In addition, however, the anaerobic reaction also yields minor byproducts in small amounts—mainly glycerol, succinic acid, higher alcohols (fusel oil), 2,3-butanediol, and traces of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, and lactic acid. Fusel oil is a mixture of alcohols, including -propyl, -butyl, isobutyl, amyl, and isoamyl alcohols. 

A paired-ion, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of sweeteners (dulcin, saccharin-Na, and acesulfame-K), preservatives (sodium dehydroacetate, SA, salicyclic acid, BA, succinic acid, methyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-propyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, n-butyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid, and isobutyl-para-hydroxybenzoic acid), and antioxidants (3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and tertiary-butyl-hydroquinone). A mobile phase of acetonitrile-50 ml aqueous tr-hydroxyisobutyric acid solution (pH 4.5) (2.2 3.4 or 2.4 3.6, v/v) containing 2.5 mM hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a Clg column with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection at 233 nm were used. This method was found to be very reproducible detection limits ranged from 0.15 to 3.00 p,g. The retention factor (k) of each additive could be affected by the concentrations of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and a-hydroxyisobu-tyric acid and the pH and ratio of mobile phase. The presence of additives in dried roast beef and sugared fruit was determined. The method is suitable for routine analysis of additives in food samples (81). 

In this way they prepared butyric ethyl ester from potassium acetate and potassium-ethyl succinate. The synthesis of the ethyl ester of valeric, capronic, and isobutyl-acetic acid was also effected. 

Di-isobutyl esters of adipic acid, glutaric acid and succinic acid... 

Three systems were selected and their properties published (Misek, 1979). These are water-toluene-acetone, water-methyl isobutyl-ketone (MIBK)-acetic acid and water-butanol-succinic acid, representing systems with high, medium and low interfacial tensions respectively. 

Coasol manufactured by Chemoxy is the blend of di-isobutyl esters of the dibasic acids adipic, glutaric and succinic. These acids are produced as a by-product in the production of adipic acid in the manufacture of Nylon 6,6. The ratio of the acids is 15-25% adipic. 

Esters constituted the largest family and included acetates (ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, butyl, isoamyl, and phenethyl), ethyl esters of fatty acids (propanoate, isobutanoate, butanoate, hexanoate, octanoate, 3-hydroxybutanoate, 3-hydroxyhexanoate and furcate), ethyl esters of organic acids (pyruvate, lactate, ethyl myristate, diethyl malate and, mono- and diethyl succinate) and various other esters, such as methyl butanoate, isobutyl lactate and phenylethyl octanoate. The acids quantified included isobutanoic, butanoic, hexanoic, octanoic, decanoic, lauiic and 3-methylbutanoic. The lactones included y-butyrolactone, pantolactone, y-decalactone and E- and Z-oak lactone and the terpenes included neral d-terpineol, P-dtronellol and Z-nerolidol. The aldehyde family comprised acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, furfural, 5-methylfurfural and octanal, and the phenol family included eugenol, 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol. Finally, 1,1-diethoxyethane, acetoin, sotolon, 2, 3-butanedione, p-cymene and methionol were also determined. 

Linalool o -Terpineol /8-Terpineol Propyl succinate Citronellol Menthol Capric acid Ethyl caprylate Isoamyl isovalerate n-Decyl alcohol Isoamyl sulfide Isobutyl benzoate Terpineol methyl ether Ethyl pelargonate Isoamyl carbonate 1,3,5-Triethylbenzene Bornyl acetate Bornyl ethyl ether Tridecane... 

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