Iso octane

The luminometer index (ASTM D 1740) is a characteristic that is becoming less frequently used. It is determined using the standard lamp mentioned above, except that the lamp is equipped with thermocouples allowing measurement of temperatures corresponding to different flame heights, and a photo-electric cell to evaluate the luminosity. The jet fuel under test is compared to two pure hydrocarbons tetraline and iso-octane to which are attributed the indices 0 and 100, respectively. The values often observed in commercial products usually vary between 40 and 70 the official specification is around 45 for TRO. [Pg.227]

Benzalacetophenone (Chalcone) [94-41 -7] M 208.3, m 56-58", b 208"/25mm, pK -5.73 (aq H2SO4). Crystd from EtOH wanned to 50° (about 5mL/g), iso-octane, or toluene/pet ether, or recrystd from MeOH, and then twice from hexane. SKIN IRRITANT. [Pg.119]

Poly(vinyl chloride) has a good resistance to hydrocarbons but some plasticisers, particularly the less polar ones such as dibutyl sebacate, are extracted by materials such as iso-octane. The polymer is also resistant to most aqueous solutions, including those of alkalis and dilute mineral acids. Below the second order transition temperature, poly(vinyl chloride) compounds are reasonably good electrical insulators over a wide range of frequencies but above the second order transition temperature their value as an insulator is limited to low-frequency applications. The more plasticiser present, the lower the volume resistivity. [Pg.345]

Nuclear dipole-dipole interaction is a veiy important relaxation mechanism, and this is reflected in the relationship between 7, and the number of protons bonded to a carbon. The motional effect is nicely shown by tbe 7 values for n-decanol, which suggest that the polar end of the molecule is less mobile than the hydrocarbon tail. Comparison of iso-octane with n-decanol shows that the entire iso-octane molecule is subject to more rapid molecular motion than is n-decanol—compare the methyl group T values in these molecules. [Pg.176]

The octane number of a fuel is a measure of the tendency of the fuel to knock. The octane scale has a minimum and maximum based on the performance of reference fuels. In the laboratoi"y, these are burned under specific and preset conditions. One reference fuel is normal heptane. This is a very poor fuel and is given an octane rating of zero. On the opposite end of the scale is iso-octane (2,2,4 trimethyl pentane). Iso-octanc is a superior fuel and is given a rating of 100. [Pg.548]

Figure 9-34A. Efficiency versus C-factor for various metai packings. Iso-octane/toluene, 740 mm Hg, reflux ratio 14 1,15-in. i.D. column, 10-ft bed height. Not Glitsch test data. Note CMR = Cascade Miniring . Used by permission of Glitsch, Inc., Bull. 345.

CYCLOHEXANE/HEPTANE CYCLOHEXANE/HEPTANE CYCLOHEXANE/heptane CYCLOHEXANE/HEPTANE I SO-OCTANE/TOLUENE ISO-OCTANE/TOLUENE ETHYLBENZENE/STYRENE ISOBUTANE/N-BUTANE ISOBUTANE/N-BUTANE ISOBUTANE/N-BUTANE DEPROPANIZER... [Pg.341]

Iso-Octane/Toluene 740mm Hg Pall Ring, 1 in. Metal 1.0-2.0... [Pg.379]

Octane. An octane number is a quantitative measure of a fuel mixture s resistance to knocking. The octane number of a particular sample is measured against a standard blend of n-heptane, which has zero octane, and iso-octane, which has 100 octane. The percent of isooctane that produces the same knock intensity as the sample is reported as the octane number. [Pg.188]

Fig. 5—6. Geiger-counter output currents recorded by Dow automatic x-ray absorption spectrometer. Superposed records on left are x-ray absorptiometric curves for iso-octane and a solution containing ethylene dibromide, whereas traces at right illustrate recording of transmitted intensities at fixed wavelengths. Apparent change in x-ray absorption of solvent in going through bromine absorption edge is result of marked slope of white radiation distribution curve at 0.9 A. 16 (Liebhafsky, Anal. Chem., 21, 17. Courtesy of Dow Chemical Company.)...

LIQUID SOLVENTS Hepione, Iso-octane, Benzene, Carbon Tetrachloride,Corbon Oisuifide, Perfluoro-n- Heptane, Acetone,Ethyl Acetate,Methanol, and Water... [Pg.161]

Radical diffusion processes were shown to be involved in the case of CH3CpMn(CO)3 irradiated in benzene solution. Furthermore, with the same target compound irradiated with various concentrations of iso-octane the yields of CH3Mn(CO)s was found to increase, presumably as result of the increased availability of methyl radicals. The presence of Fe(CO)s, far from increasing the yield by providing more carbonyls, caused the yield of CH3Mn(CO)s to drop to zero, likely by radical competition reactions involving the methyls. [Pg.81]

Close-up of premixed counterflow twin iso-octane/air flames. The representative profile of axial velocity ( JJ in the axial direction (Z) is also sketched and the red line indicates the location of stagnation surface. [Pg.37]

Reference stretch-affected flame speeds as a function of Karlovitz number for various (a) n-heptane/air and (b) iso-octane/air flames, showing how the reference stretch-affected flame speed is extrapolated to zero stretch to obtain the laminar flame speed. The unburned mixture temperature T is 360 K. Solid lines represent linear extrapolation, while dotted lines denote nonlinear extrapolation... [Pg.39]

Measured laminar flame speeds of (a) ethylene/air, (b) n-heptane/air, (c) iso-octane/air, and (d) n-decane/air mixtures as a function of the equivalence ratio for various unburned mixture temperatures. [Pg.40]

Experimentally deduced overall activation energies as a function of the equivalence ratio for iso-octane/air (filled symbols) and n-heptane/air (open symbols) mixtures obtained by varying the (a) Nj concentration and (b) preheat temperature. [Pg.43]

Comparison of Figure 4.1.10a and b demonsfrafes fhaf despite the quantitative differences in fhe deduced values, bofh fhe extraction methods yield a similar trend in the range of equivalence ratios investigated. The overall activation energy is observed to peak close to the stoichiometric condition and decrease on both the lean and rich sides. In addition, the overall activation energy values for n-heptane/air mixtures are observed to be lower when compared with iso-octane/air mixtures for all equivalence ratios under consideration. This similarity of trend and the differences in absolute values using two different extraction methods are also observed in the numerical computations with the available detailed... [Pg.43]

By solubilizing very viscous aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol in AOT/iso-octane solutions, it has been observed that the polymer leads to a decrease in the intermi-cellar interactions and enhances the stability of very large droplets with R values ranging from 55 to 150. The largest reversed micelle may contain up to 200 polymer molecules [238],... [Pg.494]

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