Butane isobutane

Hydrocarbons have also been considered as potential propellants for pharmaceutical aerosols. To date concerns regarding flammability seem to have precluded significant developments with propane, isobutane, butane, and mixtures of these alkanes [28]. 

These surface hydrides are active catalysts for the hydrogenolysis of alkanes at moderate temperatures. Zirconium hydride can catalyze the hydrogenolysis of neopentane, isobutane, butane, and propane at 323 K but cannot catalyze the hydrogenolysis of ethane.259... 

In contrast, the reaction over H-Mor at 200 °C has different characteristics than that over S04/Zr02. H-Mor is inactive at 0°C, and at 200°C a short induction period is observed for the catalytic activity and product selectivity. Although the production of isopentane is predominant in the induction period, an increase in the activity is observed along with the formation of isobutane, butane, and hexanes. The main product is isobutane after the induction period, highlighting the effect of Br0nsted acid sites. The surface alkenes for the bimolecular mechanism... 

Figure 1. Product selectivity (methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, butane, isopentane, pentane, hexanes, heptanes) in metatheses of ethane, propane, butane, and isobutane.

Efficiencies greater than 100 percent for the isobutane-butane system show the effect of liquid concentration gradients the local efficiency for this case may be in the range 0.7 to 0.9. A somewhat smaller difference between and tj probably exists for the cyclohexane-heptane system, since the liquid flow is less, which decreases the Peclet number and makes the conditions on the plate closer to complete mixing. 

Isobutane Butane, 2-methyl-2-propanol (metabolite ), propane... 

Hydrocarbon propellants, e.g., propane, isobutane, butane, are the most commonly used in mousses. These are insoluble in the mousse concentrate therefore, vigorous shaking of the can before use is required to properly disperse the propellants. Most products use a blend of two or more hydrocarbons. The more volatile the propellant blend, the faster a foam structure is formed and the less dense it is. An exception to this is the use of hydrofluorocarbon 152A [75-37-6] (HFC), which has partial solubility in mousse concentrates and a high volatility. The high volatility creates an immediate foam structure but the partial solubility leads to a creamy, dense foam. HFC is not an ozone depleting propellant as are its cousins the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). 

Constitutional isomers can differ in their carbon backbones. Consider the structural differences in the two isomers of C4H10, butane and isobutane. Butane has an uninterrupted chain of carbon atoms (Figure 2.5), but isobutane has only three carbon atoms connected in sequence. The fourth carbon atom is bonded to the chain as a branch . 

Property Methane Ethane Propane Isobutane Butane Isopentane... 

The lighter hydrocarbons, such as propane, isobutane, butane, and the corresponding olefins, removed from natural gasoline and refinery gases, are widely used as so-called bottle gas (Table 3-5). The enormous growth of the liquefied petroleum gas (L.P.G.) industry is indicated in Table 22-1. 

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