Graphite production

Refractories, Glass, Ceramic Materials Carbon and Graphite Products," ASTM Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol. 15.01, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa., 1992. 

Gokes derived from resids or blends of resids with other petroleum feedstocks give high GTE values and are utilized as fillers for aluminum anodes and certain specialty carbon and graphite products. The remaining properties differ depending on the final appHcation. Alow ash content is required for... 

Baked and Graphitized Products, Uses" under "Carbon" in ECT2nd ed., VoL 4, pp. 202—243, by W. M. Gaylord, Union Carbide Cotp. "AppHcations of Baked and Graphitized Carbon" under "Carbon (Carbon and Artificial Graphite)" in ECT 3rd ed., Vol. 4, pp. 596—622, by various authors. 

Further details and specialized information on the mechanisms, product qualities, and proce.sses applied to the heating of coal in solvents can be found in the abundant literature [20]. What follows are some of the results of research conducted at West Virginia University, where investigations of the conversion of coal into pitches suitable for graphite production have been carried out... 

A key factor in the suitabihty of cokes for graphite production is their isotropy as determined by the coefficient of thermal expansion. After the calcined coke was manufactured into graphite, the axial CTE values of the graphite test bars were determined using a capacitance bridge method over a temperature range of 25 to 100°C. The results are summarized in Table 24. Also included in the table are bulk density measurement of calcined cokes and the resistivity values of their graphites. 

These results are significant since they show that the ultimate characteristics of the graphite product can be unequivocally controlled by the blendmg of pitches. Further, the results indicate that a single coal source could be utilized, by appropriate treatment, to provide a slate of different pitches and cokes. 

The destruction of DDT by ball milling with CaO resulted in substantial loss of chloride and produced a graphitic product containing some residual chlorine. In addition, an exceptional rearrangement occnrred with the formation of bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethyne that was identified by H NMR (Hall et al. 1996) (Figure 1.28). 

The real density of coke is obtained when the particle size of the specimen is smaller than 75 mm. The real density (or the particle size) exerts a direct influence on the physical and chemical properties of the carbon and graphite products that are manufactured from the coke. 

Le Carbone Lorraine, a producer of carbon and graphite products (now also a subsidiary of Pechiney)... 

Coke which is low in sulfur and metal content is valued as a fuel, as a raw material for the manufacture of electrodes, and in graphite production. To produce high-purity coke, all traces of volatile matter must be removed from coke. A calcination process is utilized for this purpose. This process requires the coke to be heated to temperatures of 2,000°F (1,093.3°C) or higher. The pure coke is valued as raw material for the manufacture of electrolytic cell anodes and as a pure carbon source. 

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