Intraocular irrigating solutions

Intraocular irrigating solutions are required to be preservative-free to prevent toxicity to the internal tissues of the eye, particularly the corneal endothelium, lens, and retina [298,299]. These products are intended for single use only to prevent intraocular infections,... 

Balanced salt intraocular irrigating solution For intraocular irrigating during intraocular surgical... 

Klebe S, Anders N, Wollensak J. Inadvertent use of chlor-hexidine as intraocular irrigation solution. J Cataract Refract Surg 1998 24(6) 729-30. 

Bayramlar H, Totan Y, Borazan M. Heparin in the intraocular irrigating solution in pediatric cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 2004 30 2163-2169. Dada T, Dada VK, Sharma N, Vajpayee RB. Primary posterior capsulorhexis with optic capture and intracameral heparin in paediatric cataract surgery. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2000 28 361-363. 

Kompa S, Redbrake C, Hilgers C, et al. Effect of different irrigating solutions on aqueous humour pH changes, intraocular pressure and histological findings after induced alkah burns. Acta Ophthalmol 2005 83 467-470. 

Kruger A, Amon M, Abela-Formanek C, Schild G, Kolodjaschna J, Schauersberger J. Effect of heparin in the irrigation solution on postoperative inflammation and cellular reaction on the intraocular lens surface. J Cataract Refract Surg 2002 28 87-92. 

A large-volume intraocular solution (for irrigation) may be packaged in a polyolefin (polyethylene and/or polypropylene) container. 

There is a preponderance of evidence that the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis is reduced when antiseptics (povidone iodine) and antibiotics are used preoperatively.The use of balanced salt solution, to which an antibiotic has been added, to irrigate the eye during surgery is advocated by some but tempered by concerns of intraocular toxicity and questions of efficacy. Sub-Tenon s capsule injection of an antibiotic just before surgery or subconjunctival injection of antibiotic at the end of the surgery is also used to prevent infection, but risk of inadvertent intraocular injections resulting in retinal antibiotic toxicity must be considered. In addition, oral antibiotics may be used at the time of surgery and 1 day postoperatively as a prophylactic measure. 

Glasser DB, Matsuda M, Ellis JG, Edelhauser HR Effects of intraocular solutions on the corneal endothelium after in vivo anterior chamber irrigation. Am J Ophthalmol 1985 99 321-328 Glasser DB, Matsuda M, Edelhauser HR A comparison of the efficacy and toxicity of and intraocular pressure response to viscous solutions in the anterior chamber. Arch Ophthalmol 1986 104 1819-1824... 

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