Interpretive flexibility

For more on the interpretive flexibility built into clinical research, see Richards, Vitamin C and Cancer Epstein, Impure Science Marks, Progress of Experiment Marks, "Notes from the Underground. ... 

The word high as used in high temperatures will be interpreted flexibly suffice it to say that not many commercial plastics can withstand 325°C, even for a few hours and several cannot be used continuously even at 120°C. Thermal shock problems are not confined to exotic applications, they even affect moulded bath tubs. 

In practice, each CSF is a Slater determinant of molecular orbitals, which are divided into three types inactive (doubly occupied), virtual (unoccupied), and active (variable occupancy). The active orbitals are used to build up the various CSFs, and so introduce flexibility into the wave function by including configurations that can describe different situations. Approximate electronic-state wave functions are then provided by the eigenfunctions of the electronic Flamiltonian in the CSF basis. This contrasts to standard FIF theory in which only a single determinant is used, without active orbitals. The use of CSFs, gives the MCSCF wave function a structure that can be interpreted using chemical pictures of electronic configurations [229]. An interpretation in terms of valence bond sti uctures has also been developed, which is very useful for description of a chemical process (see the appendix in [230] and references cited therein). 

The oxygen affinity of the derivative was shown to be about half that of unmodified hemoglobin under similar conditions, but a degree of cooperativity was preserved. Kquilihrium and kinetic ligand-binding studies on this derivative have been interpreted (62) to show a perturbed R state. It is beheved that although the reaction is between the two P-chains, aP-dimers function independentiy, probably through a flexible connection. 

VSEPR model, the dihalides of Be and Mg and the heavier halides of Ca and Sr are essentially linear. However, the other dihalides are appreciably bent, e.g. Cap2 145°, Srp2 -- 120°, Bap2 108° SrCl2 - 130°, BaCh - 115° BaBri -115° Bah 105°. The uncertainties on these bond angles are often quite large ( 10°) and the molecules are rather flexible, but there seems little doubt that the equilibrium geometry is substantially non-linear. This has been interpreted in terms of sd (rather than sp) hybridization or by a suitable id hoc modification of the VSEPR theory. ... 

Much fewer experiments are available in solution where the few reported data are generally more concerned about the effect of molecular structure than about bond dissociation energy. In simple shear, it is generally agreed that chain flexibility dominantly influences the rate of bond scission, with the most rigid polymers being the easiest to fracture [157]. The results are interpreted in terms of the presence of good and poor sequences in the chain conformation. 

Because of their representational flexibility, diagrams can readily facilitate the formation of linkages between events at the macro and their interpretation at the... 

A designer should consult with experts to interpret data from chemical compatibility tests. To meet this need, U.S. EPA developed a software system called Flexible Membrane Liner Advisory Expert System (FLEX) to assist in evaluating test data. FLEX is an expert system that is based on data from many chemical compatibility tests and contains interpretations from experts in the field. 

The documentation also gives the input and output formats. On a complex computer program the user will rarely be completely satisfied with these. Often the user would like to be able to transmit the output directly to management or operators so they can make certain decisions. There will be some format that is best for insuring that these results can be interpreted quickly and easily. This best format undoubtedly will change as new procedures are adopted. The evaluator should check to see that both the input and output formats are flexible or can be made flexible. The evaluator should also determine whether the data bank can be easily updated. 

Although the underlying physics and mathematics used to convert relaxation rates into molecular motions are rather complex (Lipari and Szabo, 1982), the most important parameter obtained from such analyses, the order parameter. S 2, has a simple interpretation. In approximate terms, it corresponds to the fraction of motion experienced by a bond vector that arises from slow rotation as a rigid body of roughly the size of the macromolecule. Thus, in the interior of folded proteins, S2 for Hn bonds is always close to 1.0. In very flexible loops, on the other hand, it may drop as low as 0.6 because subnanosecond motions partially randomize the bond vector before it rotates as a rigid body. 

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