Interpretation of Records

The interpretation of subbottom acoustic record profiles that are produced by the above techniques is still very much an art. An experienced marine geologist or geophysicist evaluates the type and condition of sediments indicated by subbottom profiles. 

In addition to rough classification, acoustic profiling can provide some information on overconsolidation. The removal of overburden may appear as truncated or outcropping reflectors because of the effect of overconsolidation. Beds with regular reflectors parallel to the seafloor would be less likely to be overconsolidated and, therefore, weaker. An ideal can also be obtained if corrections can be made for deviations from these items. 

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The failure of plant by corrosion can be gradual or catastrophic. Gradual failure has few implications for safety providing it is monitored. Direct corrosion-monitoring techniques are described in Section 53.8. Indirectly, the correct interpretation of records relating to metal contamination of products or the loss of efficiency of heat exchangers, etc. can provide useful information. 

Mostly, the convention with exothermic peaks (exotherms) shown as positive and endothermic peaks (iendotherms) as negative is accepted. However, there are exceptions and care should always be exercised in the interpretation of recorded data. 

Because most receptor cells are not narrowly responsive to specific chemicals and more than one cell is located in a sensillum, the interpretation of recorded... 

The derivations presented on p. 145 show that the interpretation of records of reactions involving more than two reversible steps requires the use of excessively cumbersome equations with three or more roots. One can often adjust the conditions of an experiment so that two of the steps of a complex reaction sequence are isolated from each other and/or the rest. Such uncoupling of part of a reaction occurs when all prior steps are much faster and the subsequent step is much slower. A numerical example can be used to demonstrate the reaction profile of different intermediates. The time course of a three state reversible reaction (see figure 4.4) is equivalent to three states of an enzyme, and this is illustrated with different effects of the two time constants on the three progress curves. The elucidation of the mechanism and evaluation of the individual rate constants depends on a number of factors. The problem of assigning the two time constants to the... 

There are methods for evaluation of pressure responses during acidizing. They are based on interpretation of recorded wellhead pressure values (or the subsequently derived values for bottom-hole pressure) and corresponding injection rates as treatment progresses. This is done to derive the evolution (hopefully, reduction) of the skin factor during matrix acidizing. Methods... 

Loyd, L. PH Monographs on physical biochemistry optical methods in ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis and diffusion with a guide to the interpretation of records Clarendon Press, Oxford 1974... 

The first of them to determine the LMA quantitatively and the second - the LF qualitatively Of course, limit of sensitivity of the LF channel depends on the rope type and on its state very close because the LF are detected by signal pulses exceeding over a noise level. The level is less for new ropes (especially for the locked coil ropes) than for multi-strand ropes used (especially for the ropes corroded). Even if a skilled and experienced operator interprets a record, this cannot exclude possible errors completely because of the evaluation subjectivity. Moreover it takes a lot of time for the interpretation. Some of flaw detector producers understand the problem and are intended to develop new instruments using data processing by a computer [6]. 

The infrared and Raman spectra of many alkyl and arylthiazoles have been recorded. Band assignment and more fundamental work has been undertaken on a small number of derivatives. Several papers have been dedicated to the interpretation of infrared spectra (128-134, 860), but they are not always in agreement with each other. However, the work of Chouteau (99, 135) is noteworthy. The infrared spectrum of thiazole consists of 18 normal vibrations as well as harmonic and combination bands. 

Collection. A set of data is collected according to plans using the strategy and methods selected. At the same time, observations are made and recorded which aid in the interpretation of the data. 

Principles of Accounting Accounting is the art of recording business transactions in a systematic manner. Financial statements are both the basis for and the result of management decisions. Such statements can tell managers or engineers a great deal about their company, provided that they can interpret the information correctly. 

Climatology refers to averaged or analyzed meteorology over a period of record, usually several years. Air pollution climatology involves meteorological variables that are important in air pollution. Alternatively, it is the interpretation of air pollution data from a meteorological perspective. 

The supplementary requirements provide a welcome addition to this somewhat inadequately specified clause of ISO 9001. However the reference to clause 4.1.1.2 with respect to objectives specified in the quality policy is somewhat ambiguous. Clause 4.1.1.2 does not require objectives to be included in the policy this is required in clause 4.1.1.1. As stated previously, system effectiveness is judged by how well the system enables implementation of policy and achievement of objectives. Therefore, requiring records that contain evidence of this is a logical interpretation. Such records need to identify the matters reviewed, the results, the actions, and the decisions taken, together with the names of those responsible and the date by which actions are to be completed. The records should also contain the data used to conduct the review as the basis upon which the decisions have been made and so that comparisons can be made at later... 

The recorded data can be used to improve the process. Controlling operating conditions is important for maintaining viable cells, and it makes the interpretation of fermentation data easier. 

An arrhythmia may occur as a result of heart disease or from a disorder that affects cardiovascular function. Conditions such as emotional stress, hypoxia, and electrolyte imbalance also may trigger an arrhythmia An electrocardiogram (ECG) provides a record of the electrical activity of the heart. Careful interpretation of the ECG along with a thorough physical assessment is necessary to determine the cause and type of arrhythmia The goal of antiarrhythmic drug therapy is to restore normal cardiac function and to prevent life-threatening arrhythmias. 

High and low stands of sea level are directly recorded as sedimentary coastal onlap sequences and as erosional terraces. These records are complicated in regions of crustal instability, and the rate and nature of crustal deformation determines whether evidence of short-term or long-term sea-level fluctuations are preserved and how easily this evidence is interpreted. Because continental basement warps and fractures through time, and because evidence of sea level is erased by erosion, the interpretation of this evidence to produce sea-level curves for the Phanerozoic has been a subject of considerable debate. 

Longer ice-core records show that methane concentrations have varied on a variety of time scales over the past 220 000 years (Fig. 18-15) Qouzel et al, 1993 Brook et al, 1996). Wetlands in tropical (30° S to 30° N) and boreal (50° N to 70° N) regions are the dominant natural methane source. As a result, ice-core records for preanthropogenic times have been interpreted as records of changes in methane emissions from wetlands. Studies of modem wetlands indicate that methane emissions are positively correlated with temperature, precipitation, and net ecosystem productivity (Schlesinger, 1996). 

Jouzel, J., Waelbroeck, C., Malaize, B. et al. (1996). Climatic interpretation of the recently extended Vostok ice records. Glim. Dynam. 12, 513-521. 

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