Internet basic principles

This unit will introduce two fundamental protocols—the Wilhelmy plate method (see Basic Protocol 1 and Alternate Protocol 1) and the du Noiiy ring method (see Alternate Protocol 2)—that can be used to determine static interfacial tension (Dukhin et al., 1995). Since the two methods use the same experimental setup, they will be discussed together. Two advanced protocols that have the capability to determine dynamic interfacial tension—the drop volume technique (see Basic Protocol 2) and the drop shape method (see Alternate Protocol 3)—will also be presented. The basic principles of each of these techniques will be briefly outlined in the Background Information. Critical Parameters as well as Time Considerations for the different tests will be discussed. References and Internet Resources are listed to provide a more in-depth understanding of each of these techniques and allow the reader to contact commercial vendors to obtain information about costs and availability of surface science instrumentation. 

The basic principles of scientific writing and reporting apply to pharmacoeconomic research, and little need be said here. The structure of the paper is the same (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, etc.). It is important to be consistent and appropriate in the use of terminology (e.g. costs is not synonymous with charges , and cost-effectiveness is not a cost-benefit analysis Sanchez and Lee, 1994). New mediums such as the Internet offer new possibilities for publication, dissemination and debate (Medical Outcomes Trust, 2001 (www.outcomes-trust.org) American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 1996). 

Basic principles should be stressed throughout their education. An example is to visit only age-appropriate sites. Students under the age of thirteen should not have a Facebook account. Stress to students to search the Internet safely. Even though a school can have a firewall and apply filtering software, inappropriate materials can still come through. 

One basic principle of cyber safety is that students should always be taught to avoid strangers in the cyber world. Students must understand that people are not always who they say they are in cyberspace. If someone the student does not know talks to them, they shonld not respond, and they should make school staff aware. Another basic principle stndents shonld understand is that simply because they can access something on the Internet and copy it or download it, that does not make it theirs. Be it audio, video, or someone else s words, it may be acceptable to use them, but they still belong to the owner and that person deserves to be compensated even if it is merely with a citation and bibliography entry. Students mnst nnderstand this... 

I have referred to standard text books, Chemical Engineers Handbook etc for process information, basic working principles and general description about the items/ equipments as well as advertisements in trade journals and from material uploaded on the internet by manufacturers for promoting sales of their products. 

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