Internal bending moment

Q = vertical load on lug, lb S =code allowable stress, psi (T0 = circumferential stress, psi Mj, = longitudinal moment, in.-lb M = internal bending moment, in.-lb E =joint efficiency... 

External localized loads (radial, moment, or tangential) produce internal bending moments, tension, and compression in ring sections. The magnitude of these moments and forces can be determined by this procedure, which consists essentially of the following steps ... 

M = internal bending moment, meridional, in.-Ib/in. —internal bending moment, latitudinal, in.-Ib/in, = stress concentration factors (See Note 3)... 

Mr[Pg.63]

P(l) The design value of the internal bending moment Msd at each cross-section shall satisfy ... 

Maa or BB = Overturning moment due to earthquake, In-Lbs, at elevation A-A or B-B Mb = Bending moment, In-Lbs Mx or My = Internal bending moment in base plate, inlbs... 

Overturning moment, Ft-Lbs = Internal bending moment in girder seetion between columns due to horizontal force, in-Lbs = Internal bending moment in girder section between columns due to vertical force, in-Lbs Mp = Internal bending moment in post plate at coluttm due to vertical force, in-Lbs... 

Internal bending moment in post plate between columns due to vertical force, in-Lbs Number of columns... 

The assumed positive sense of the internal bending moments and torques acting on each element are as shown ... 

The force and displacement outputs are created due to internal bending moment induced during the conversion of electrochemical energy into mechanical energy. The force (blocking force), F, can be estimated using a quantitative relationship based on the strain created as a function of the input voltage [61] ... 

The simplest physical idealization of the film that incorporates bending resistance is that of an elastic plate which admits extensional and bending deformation but no shear deformation this model is known commonly as a Kirchhoff plate. The boundary value problem is illustrated schematically in Figure 4.4, where the film and the substrate have been separated to show the shear stress distribution q x) and the normal stress distribution p x) together which represent interaction between the film and substrate. Also shown acting on a section of the film at distance x from the edge is an internal extensional force t x), an internal shear force s x) and an internal bending moment m x), all measured per unit thickness in the j/—direction. 

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