Intermix rate

It is not an exaggeration to say that the evaluation of mechanical separation process/equipment is performed based on the conception of yield and quality. For example, the widely used Newton efficiency is defined in the following manner. In the case of better separator, both the yield and the degree of quality improvement should have higher values. From another viewpoint, the recovery rate of useful component should have a higher value, and the intermix rate of the useless component into product should have lower values for the better separator. In other words, this definition is based on the concept that for a better separator,... 

Owing to their strong bond on Ru(OOOl), mixed COa 0.55 V, the shift of the equilibrium between water and adsorbed OHad/Oad towards the latter increases the density of the respective species in the intermixed adlayer, which increases the repulsions between the adsorbed species and hence leads to more weakly bound OHad/Oad and COad species. These latter species are less stable against COOHad or CO2 formation, because of the reduced reaction barrier ( Brpnsted-Polanyi-Evans relation [Bronstedt, 1928]), and can support a reaction via (14.9) or (14.12), respectively, at low rates. (Note that the total density of the adlayer does not need to remain constant, although also this is possible.)... 

Rates of lateral diffusion of membrane components have also been determined using optical methods. The early experiments of Frye and Ediden16 demonstrated lateral motion of fluorescent-labeled surface antigens in heterokaryons of mouse and human cells. They observed intermixing of fluorescent-labeled antibodies against mouse cell and human cell antigens. Optical methods may also be characterized as either transient or steady state. The use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy as... 

Most substances intermix rapidly within their distribution spaces, and the rate-limiting step in their removal from the system is biochemical transformation or renal excretion. Substances of this nature are best described by compartmental models and exponential functions. 

Another device often used with liquid color is the intermixer (see Fig. 20.3.). An intermixer is installed between the resin hopper and throat of an injection molder or extruder. The main parts of an intermixer are a mixing chamber and a motor-driven impeller. One end of the chamber is usually transparent, so the mixing process is visible. The resin falls into the chamber of the intermixer from the top, and liquid color is pumped into the chamber from the side. The impeller turns at a rate of about 60rpm and distributes the liquid color uniformly on the surfaces of the resin pellets. 

A somewhat different, though related, aspect of solids mixing has been investigated by Chatterjee (C2), who studied the rate of intermixing of solids in the bed itself, rather than mixing between bed solids and fresh feed in a continuous system. He applied a technique, previously used for similar studies in fluidized beds (Z2, p. 290), in which a bed initially composed of two regions of identifiably different particles was maintained in the spouted state, and the rate at which blending of the solids in the two... 

Manganese nodules often exhibit onionskin layering of Feflll) oxides (Arrhenius, 1963). The surfaces of many soil Mn concretions, composed predominantly of birnessite, are coated with ferruginous and siliceous material (Taylor et al., 1964). The intermixing or coating of various chemical species with/on Mn oxides could substantially alter their redox and sorption/desorption behavior and profoundly affect the mobility and fate of many nutrients and pollutants in natural environments. However, there is only limited information in the literature on the subject. Oscarson et al. (1981b) hypothesized that a coating of carbonates on Mn oxides was responsible for a retardation in the rate of oxidation of As(III) by some freshwater lake sediments. 

Several types of three-phase hoUow-fiber (I lb) modules have been described. They can be classified into two groups. The first one with paraUel phase flow is developed by Sirkar group, termed as a hoUow-fiber contained hquid membrane and described in detaU in Ref [4], Another types ot HF module, developed by Schlosser s group, hoUow-fibers in tube pertractor with paraUel flow [10, 11, 23-26, 90, 101] consists of one or two intermixed U-shaped bundles of microporous polypropylene fibers, inserted into poly-sulfon (or glass) tubes (see Fig. 5.11). For better nfixing, pulsation of the LM phase along the fibers is used. It increases the transport rate by 35-60%. 

---