Interfacial trap

An interfacially trapped complex ion, most probably NiDzphen)", showed an interfacial disproportionation reaction,... 

LEDs is from excitons in bulk F8BT that had been thermally excited from interfacially trapped exciplexes. We note that endothermic excitation rates of 108 Hz are readily achieved at room temperature considering that exp[-0.25 eV/(kB 300 K)] 10-4 and vibronic attempt frequencies are typically of order 1012 Hz and higher. Also, similar activation energies have been found for comparable processes [48, 49]. 

Schlettwein, D., T. Oekermann, N.I. Jaeger, N.R. Armstrong, and D. Wohrle (2003). Interfacial trap states in junctions of molecular semiconductors. Chem. Phys. 285, 103-112. 

Thus, the origin of the interfacial processes can be determined fi om the PDIR spectra, evolution of the interfacial film structure can be followed, and the kinetics of the interfacial film growth can be quantified. Applying the potential modulation method, absorptions with different phase delays can be distinguished, which provides a variety of information, including that on the origin of the interfacial traps of charge. 

In an early work, Kotlarchyk et al. [67] studied AOT reverse micelles where purified AOT still had a small quantity (w = 0.7 0.2) of water. These authors showed that the polar core contained water bound to the sulfonate head-groups. Jain et al. [138] suggested at least three different solubilizate environments and hence, three types of molecular water in AOT/isooctane/water reverse microemulsions. They are (i) the interface water, (ii) the bound water layer and (iii) the water pool. Interfacially trapped water molecules were indicated to be located in between polar head-groups of AOT as monomers or dimers. Bound water molecules were bonded to the head-groups of AOT through the counterions (Na ) present at the interface. Bulk water deeper in the pool had greater mobility. Water molecules, of course, also hydrated the counterions. Another possibility was presence of water, albeit in negligible amounts, in the oil phase. 

Reactions at polymer-polymer interfaces exhibit the so-called interfacial trap phenomenon. 

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