Interfaces, hydrogen

Markovic NM, Schmidt TJ, Grgur BN, Gasteiger HA, Behm RJ, Ross PN. 1999. The effect of temperature on the surface process at the Pt(lll)-liquid interface Hydrogen adsorption, oxide formation and CO oxidation. J Phys Chem B 103 8568. 

Other explanations of the nature of the polymer to metal bond include mechanical adhesion due to microscopic physical interlocking of the two faces, chemical bonding due to acid/base reactions occuring at the interface, hydrogen bonding at the interface, and electrostatic forces built up between the metal face and the dielectric polymer. It is reasonable to assume that all of these kinds of interactions, to one degree or another, are needed to explain the failure of adhesion in the cathodic delamination process. 

In silicon devices, which are operated at temperatures below 200°C, hydrogen annealing at > 450°C is used to passivate surface states at the oxide-semiconductor interface. Hydrogen forms electrically inactive complexes with the surface states. 

Several different forces may be involved in protein adsorption at the solid-liquid interface hydrogen bonding, electrostatic forces, and hydrophobic interactions. Entropic factors such as loss of water, structural deformation of the protein onto hydrophobic patches and dehydration of the protein may drive the adsorption process when there are non favourable electrostatic interactions. 

In semiconductor science see Semiconductor Interfaces), hydrogen has long been used as an inert gas for crystal growth, or as a component in gases for the various forms of chemical vapor deposition (SiH4, AsHs, Ga(CH3)3, etc.). 

Ridley, M.K. et al., Poteirtiometric studies of the rutile-water interface Hydrogen-electrode concentration-cell versus glass-electrode titrations. Colloids Surf. A, 204, 295, 2002. 

P50) in the spherical region with a radius of 8.5 A at the heptane/water interface. Hydrogen-bonding... 

P(S-b-B-b-MMA) triblock copolymers and their hydrogenated analogs At 17 % B-block, a cylinder at the wall morphology was observed - here PB and PHB cylinders were located at the lamellar PS/PMMA interface. At 6 % B-block, PB formed spheres at this interface. Hydrogenation of PB induced significant changes Stadler et al. 1995... 

The basic components of the SOFC are the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte, as shown in Fig. 10.1. They are together referred to as the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Fuel (hydrogen) is supplied to the anode side and air is supplied to the cathode side. At the cathode-electrolyte interface, oxygen molecules accept electrons coming from the external circuit to form oxide ions. The solid electrolyte allows only oxide ions to pass through. At the anode-electrolyte interface, hydrogen molecules present in the fuel react with oxide ions to form steam, and electrons get released. As a result of the potential difference set up between anode and cathode... 

Markovic, N.M., Schmidt, T.J., Grgur, B.N. et al. (1999) Effect of temperature on surface processes at the Pt(l 11 )-liquid interface hydrogen adsorption, oxide formation, and CO oxidation. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 103, 8568-8577. 

Electrodes are usually composed of a gas diffusion layer with thin catalyst coatings at the electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Hydrogen and oxygen reactants are supplied to the anode and cathode electrodes surfaces. The original rod-type electrodes are generally replaced with flat or circular annular surfaces to increase the contact surface area for reactions. The structure of the electrode is... 

A different behaviour has been found with 18C6 as solute A simulation starting with the (18C6) q decamer right at the interface leads, after 1 ns, to a complex situation (Figure 6). Most of the crowns remain at the interface, hydrogen bonded to water molecules. Others... 

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