Interfaces hetero-interface

Heterogenous immunoassays, 14 151-152 Heteroglycans, 4 697, 702 23 64 Hetero-interface, 24 71 Heterojunction, 23 34 Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), 22 166-169... 

These results on physisorption-induced work function changes on metals are also interesting with regard to the common assumption on metal/molecule hetero-interfaces, namely that metals are the hard and molecules are the soft component. The theoretical results clearly demonstrate that with respect to the charge density the metal acts as soft and the molecule as the hard partner, since the - essentially undisturbed - organic molecule imprints its shape in the charge distribution on the metal surface. 

An important class of hetero-interface is that between metals and ceramics. This occurs in such areas as metal oxidation and catalyst support. It is also important in understanding such phenomena as wetting. Stoneham and Tasker (1985) argued for the importance of image terms in the adhesion of these interfaces. Simple image theory predicts that the adhesion energy of a... 

The interdiffiision of iso-electronic constituents across hetero-interfaces during the liquid-phase epitaxial growth of Hgj xCdxTe on Cdj.yZnyTe and CdTej.ySey... 

Han JW, Yildiz B (2012) Mechanism for enhanced oxygen reduction kinetics at the (La, Sr)Co03-delta/ (La, Sr)(2)Co04-l-delta hetero-interface. Energ Environ Sci 5 8598... 

Sase M, Yashiro K, Sato K, MizusaM J, Kawada T, Sakai N, Yamaji K, Horita T, Yokokawa H (2008) Enhancement of oxygen exchange at the hetero interface of (La, Sr)Co03/(La, Sr)2Co04 in composite ceramics. Solid State Ionics 178(35-36) 1843-1852... 

An interface is a plane which joins two semi-infinite solids. Interfaces between two crystals exhibit some of the characteristic features of surfaces, such as the broken bonds suffered by the atoms on either side of the interface plane, and the tendency of atoms to rearrange themselves to restore their bonding enviroiunent. We can classify interfaces in two categories those between two crystals of the same type, and those between two crystals of different types. The first type are referred to as grain boundaries, because they usually occur between two finite-size crystals (grains), in solids that are composed of many small crystallites. The second type are referred to as hetero-interfaces. We discuss some of the basic features of grain boundaries and hetero-interfaces next. 

As a final example of interfaces we consider a planar interface between two different crystals. We will assume that the two solids on either side of the interface have the same crystalline structure, but different lattice constants. This situation, called a hetero-interface, is illustrated in Fig. 11.17. The similarity between the two crystal structures makes it possible to match smoothly the two solids along a crystal plane. 

The polarization-related effects in wurtzite heterostructures can be entirely avoided by growing devices on alternative orientations of GaN crystals, such as the 1100 m planes or the 1120 a planes, in which the polar c-axis is parallel to the free surface and any planar hetero-interfaces. Since polarization fields exist entirely within the plane of the device structure, heterostructures grown on these planes exhibit flat-band conditions under zero bias. 

As apparent from structure [XVIII], a hetero triad occurs at each interface between iso and syndio triads. The total number of hetero triads, therefore, equals the total number of sequences of all other types = SNnj +... 

As might be expected, the results from both theory and experiment suggest that the solution is more than a simple spectator, and can participate in the surface physicochemical processes in a number of important ways [Cao et al., 2005]. It is well established from physical organic chemistry that the presence of a protic or polar solvent can act to stabilize charged intermediates and transition states. Most C—H, O—H, C—O, and C—C bond breaking processes that occur at the vapor/metal interface are carried out homolytically, whereas, in the presence of aqueous media, the hetero-lytic pathways tend to become more prevalent. Aqueous systems also present the opportunity for rapid proton transfer through the solution phase, which opens up other options in terms of reaction and diffusion. 

Here, a brief summary is provided of the current understanding of the electronic structure properties of the hetero junction interface. We start with the basic picture of the energetics (Sec. 2.1), based on the offset between the frontier orbitals of the two polymer species this offset triggers the dissociation of the photogenerated exciton if the exciton binding energy cb 0.5 eV can be overcome. To refine this picture, explicit electronic structure calculations are necessary, which pose a formidable challenge for the interfacial systems under consideration. Secs. 2.2 and 2.3 summarize recent efforts in this direction [41,43,44,56]. 

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