Interface, the air-water, chirality and

Interface, the air-water, chirality and molecular recognition in monolayers at, 28,45... 

Interface, the air-water, chirality and molecular recognition in monolayers at, 28, 45 Intermediates, reactive, study of, by electrochemical methods, 19, 131 Intermediates, tetrahedral, derived from carboxylic acids, spectroscopic detection and investigation of their properties, 21, 37 Intramolecular reactions, effective molarities for, 17, 183 Intramolecular reactions, of chain molecules, 22, 1... 

Figure Bl.5.13 Spectra of the various non-chiral [p-in/p-oiit (filled circles) and s-in/p-oiit (filled diamonds)] and chiral [p-in/s-oiit (triangle)] SHG signals of (R)-BN molecules adsorbed at the air/water interface. (From [80].)...

Chirality and molecular recognition in monolayers at the air-water interface, 28,45 CIDNP and its applications, 10, 53 Conduction, electrical, in organic solids, 16,159... 

Molecular recognition, chirality and, in monolayers at the air-water interface, 28, 45 Molecular structure and energy, calculation of, by force-field methods, 13,1... 

Chirality and Molecular Recognition in Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface... 

Unlike electron and scanning tunneling microscopy, the use of fluorescent dyes in monolayers at the air-water interface allows the use of contrast imaging to view the monolayer in situ during compression and expansion of the film. Under ideal circumstances, one may observe the changes in monolayer phase and the formation of specific aggregate domains as the film is compressed. This technique has been used to visualize phase changes in monolayers of chiral phospholipids (McConnell et al, 1984, 1986 Weis and McConnell, 1984 Keller et al., 1986 McConnell and Moy, 1988) and achiral fatty acids (Moore et al., 1986). 

These differences reflect the conformations of (+)- and meso-isomers as they sit at the air-water interface. What is much harder to elucidate is the effect of stereochemistry on intermolecular interactions. How does changing the stereochemistry at one chiral center affect interactions between diastereomers Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been used to address the problem of separating stereochemically dependent inter- and intra-molecular interactions in diastereomeric compounds (Craig et al., 1971). For example, diastereomeric compounds such as 2,3-dicyanobutane exhibit significant energetic dependence on intramolecular configuration about their chiral centers. So far, however, little experimental attention has been focused on this problem. 

This chapter has reported the only extensive and coordinated investigation of the effects of chirality on the properties of monolayer films spread at the air-water interface. Twenty compounds of varied headgroup and chain length have been examined carrying one and two chiral centers. In every case, all of the optical isomers—enantiomers and diastereomers—were made and their properties measured both as pure compounds and as mixed monolayers in order to compare phase changes in the films with mixed melting points of the crystals. 

Molecular recognition, 16 768-811 24 31 at the air-water interface, 16 799-800 artificial receptors for substrate recognition, 16 792-794 charge attraction dominated, 16 779-781 chiral recognition, 16 789-791 hydrogen bond dominated, 16 781-782 at interfaces and surface monolayers, 16 796-801... 

M. V. Stewart and E. M. Arnett are the authors of the third chapter, Chiral Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface. The chapter brings together the disciplines of surface chemistry and stereochemistry to demonstrate that the properties of stereoisomers may be useful in extending our understanding of the weak yet important inter-molecular forces that operate in surface monolayers. The authors demonstrate that, in a complementary way, the techniques of surface chemistry make possible novel experiments that yield clear and... 

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