Interface analysis streaming potential

Ariza, MJ Rodriquez-Castellon, E Munoz, M Benavente, J. Surface chemical and electrokinetic characterizations of membranes containing different carriers by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and streaming potential measurements study of the effect of pH. Surface and Interface Analysis, 2002, 34, 637-641. 

Girault and Schiffrin [6] and Samec et al. [39] used the pendant drop video-image method to measure the surface tension of the ideally polarized water-1,2-dichloroethane interface in the presence of KCl [6] or LiCl [39] in water and tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate in 1,2-dichloroethane. Electrocapillary curves of a shape resembling that for the water-nitrobenzene interface were obtained, but a detailed analysis of the surface tension data was not undertaken. An independent measurement of the zero-charge potential difference by the streaming-jet electrode technique [40] in the same system provided the value identical with the potential of the electrocapillary maximum. On the basis of the standard potential difference of —0.225 V for the tetrabutylammonium ion transfer, the zero-charge potential difference was estimated as equal to 8 10 mV [41]. 

One procedure is to assume a parametrized form of the particle distribution function n[z) and compare the predictions of Eq. (8) to the measured scattered intensity to estimate the values of the parameters. This procedure was used to characterize the interaction of the interface with particles in a flowing stream above an interface [I2. There was no adsorption of particles on the surface, and the particle distribution function was obtained from a solution of a mass transport equation with a term describing the interaction with the interface. The analysis yielded estimates of the parameters in the interaction potential [12. ... 

Pervaporators are amenable to coupling to any type of detector via an appropriate interface such as a transport tube, a microcolumn packed with adsorptive or ion-exchange material, or a gas liquid separator. The acceptor stream can be either liquid or gaseous depending on the characteristics of the detector. The detectors most frequently used are the spectroscopic - atomic or molecular, electroanalyti-cal (potentiometric, voltammetric), electron capture, and flame ionization types. The low selectivity of some of these detection techniques is overcome by that of the pervaporation step, endowing the overall analytical process with the selectivity required for the analysis of complex matrices. The potential use of the pervaporation technique for sample insertion into water-unfriendly detectors such as mass spectrometers or devices such as those based on microwave-induced plasma remains unexplored. 

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